Elektra

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Authoritative student edition of Euripides' Enduring Classical Tragedy about filial revenge in Kenneth McLeish's acclaimed translation.

128 pages, Paperback

First published January 1,-0420

This edition

Format
128 pages, Paperback
Published
August 26, 2004 by Methuen Drama
ISBN
9780413770400
ASIN
0413770400
Language
English
Characters More characters
  • Orestes

    Orestes

    In Greek mythology, Orestes (Greek: Ὀρέστης) was the son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra. When his father returned from the Trojan War, he was murdered by Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegisthus. Orestes went into exile and swore to get revenge. After he reac...

  • Electra

    Electra

    In Greek mythology, Electra (Greek: Ἠλέκτρα, Ēlektra) was an Argive princess and daughter of King Agamemnon and Queen Clytemnestra. She and her brother Orestes plotted revenge against their mother Clytemnestra and step father Aegisthus for the murder of t...

  • Pylades

    Pylades

    ...

About the author

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Euripides (Greek: Ευριπίδης) (ca. 480 BC–406 BC) was a tragedian of classical Athens. Along with Aeschylus and Sophocles, he is one of the three ancient Greek tragedians for whom any plays have survived in full. Some ancient scholars attributed ninety-five plays to him, but the Suda says it was ninety-two at most. Of these, eighteen or nineteen have survived more or less complete (Rhesus is suspect). There are many fragments (some substantial) of most of his other plays. More of his plays have survived intact than those of Aeschylus and Sophocles together, partly because his popularity grew as theirs declined—he became, in the Hellenistic Age, a cornerstone of ancient literary education, along with Homer, Demosthenes, and Menander.
Euripides is identified with theatrical innovations that have profoundly influenced drama down to modern times, especially in the representation of traditional, mythical heroes as ordinary people in extraordinary circumstances. This new approach led him to pioneer developments that later writers adapted to comedy, some of which are characteristic of romance. He also became "the most tragic of poets", focusing on the inner lives and motives of his characters in a way previously unknown. He was "the creator of ... that cage which is the theatre of William Shakespeare's Othello, Jean Racine's Phèdre, of Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg," in which "imprisoned men and women destroy each other by the intensity of their loves and hates". But he was also the literary ancestor of comic dramatists as diverse as Menander and George Bernard Shaw.
His contemporaries associated him with Socrates as a leader of a decadent intellectualism. Both were frequently lampooned by comic poets such as Aristophanes. Socrates was eventually put on trial and executed as a corrupting influence. Ancient biographies hold that Euripides chose a voluntary exile in old age, dying in Macedonia, but recent scholarship casts doubt on these sources.

Community Reviews

Rating(4 / 5.0, 99 votes)
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99 reviews All reviews
April 1,2025
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My review of this book disappeared so I am reposting it!

The three great Greek tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, dramatized Electra and Orestes' quest for revenge for their father's murder by their mother, Clytemnestra, and her lover, Aegtheis. While Aeschylus and Sophocles see this dual revenge killing as troubling yet ultimately justified, Euripides questions if matricide is warranted. He contrasts Electra's certainty with Orestes' ambiguity. Consequently, I found it the most interesting of the three plays.

This version of Euripides' Electra is part of a series that pairs a poet with a classical scholar. The exquisite translation, with fine-tuned writing, flowed throughout, making the play a joy to read.

I read all three versions back to back as part of a course on Greek tragedy. I enjoyed the sequential reading and recommend the play to anyone interested in Theater, the Classical World, or both.
April 1,2025
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ما پیش از آن که باقی زندگی‌مان را زندگی کنیم چه مدت باید غصه بخوریم و اندوهگین باشیم؟
April 1,2025
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Mommy issues are real.

This was fighting for women rights.
April 1,2025
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Finished: 16.11.2018
Genre: play
Rating: A++
#CCBookReviews
Conclusion:
Fast moving play filled with dramatic irony!
WE know more than the characters.
That will keep any Greek on the edge of their chair!
Question:
Did Sophocles ever watch TV show Sisters (1991-1996)
Here are my thoughts about that!

n  My Thoughtsn





April 1,2025
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بیشتر به هذیان می‌مانست و با منطق و طرز فکر امروز هیچ‌جوره نتوانستم توجیه و تفسیرش کنم. شاید به همین خاطر در انتهای کتاب نقدی را هم ترجمه کرده‌اند که مخاطب را اندکی راهنمایی کند، هرچند باز هم بیشتر پر از اما و اگر بود تا پاسخ
راستی کتاب‌ها و داستان‌ها تاریخ انقضا ندارند؟ همواره باید ستودشان حتی اگر امروز جز شناخت مردم کهن فایده‌ و زیبایی درشان دیده نشود؟ نمی‌دانم
April 1,2025
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An excellent play by Euripides that captures what makes the Agamemnon-Orestes cycle of Greek mythology so powerful.

It might be my favourite cycle in Greek myth because of the way that there’s a strong sense of Electra and Orestes righting a deep and old wrong. But the fact that Clytemnestra is nevertheless not entirely evil for avenging the death of Iphigenia and the slight done to her by Agamemnon bringing Cassandra home to Argos makes the myth even better. And the way that Orestes is tormented by the Furies afterwards reflects the moral complexity of the crime that Orestes and Electra commit.

This particular play does the best job of capturing that complexity of any I have read. It opens with Electra living with a farmer that Aegisthus has married her to, when Orestes and Pylades arrive with their identities hidden from Electra. When she learns who they are, Orestes and Pylades kill Aegisthus brutally in a ritualistic-sacrifice kind of way. The group then eventually turns on Clytemnestra, before Clytemnestra’s brothers, the Dioscuri, reveal the moral complexity I mentioned earlier: on the one hand, these children have killed their mother, but on the other hand, it isn’t an unjustified act. Electra and Orestes go their separate ways as each faces their own unique punishment, and Euripides left me with some considerable unease as Orestes has to go seek justice in Athens.
April 1,2025
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Mitos Yayınları'nın kitap girişine koyduğu katı uyarı nedeniyle alıntısız başlıyorum yorumuma...

Elektra'nın hikayesi ile tanışmam 2012 yılında Konya İl Halk Kütüphanesi'nin hiç unutmuyorum duvara yaslı taraftaki Antik Yunan tiyatroları'nın yer aldığı rafta bulduğum MEB klasiklerinden çıkan baskı ile oldu. Pek tabii, ben de herkes gibi psikolojide ismen atıflanan Elektra kompleksi ile çok az fikir sahibi idim ancak hikaye beni çarpmıştı. Euripides'in de aynı isimde bir tiyatrosunun olduğunu biliyordum ancak okumak 9 yıl sonraya fırsat oldu. Toplamda 3 farklı versiyonu olan bu hikayenin (Üçüncüsü Aiskhylos'a ait) Euripides versiyonu nedense bende Sophokles versiyonu kadar güzel bir etki bırakmadı.

Sanırım bunda, kadına ve erkeğe yönelik Euripides'in alışageldiğim sert ifadeleri bir etken. Toplumsal cinsiyet okumaları yapan kişilerin gözüne hemen batacak bu ifadelerin dönemin koşulları altında değerlendirilmesi gerektiğinde ben de hemfikirim. Ancak yine de okuma keyfimi etkiledi mi? Evet etkiledi. Bir de, fakirlik ile ilgili tespitleri var ki Euripides'in akıllara zarar. Elektra'nın kocası gariban adamın isminin bile olmaması, fakirliği ile karikatürize edilmiş bu adamcağızın yazarına direnir bir biçimde inadına iyilik timsali olması... Hepsi daha ileri tartışmalara gebe.

Bu hikayenin en kafa karıştırıcı boyutu, karakterlerin kaderleri ile boğuşmaları zannımca. Kader kavramını felsefi olarak tartışmaya açmış -belki de istemeden- Euripides. Zira

kitabın sonunda yaşanılan suçluluk travması bunun en basit göstergesi. Ortada bir kötülük var mı yok mu kendileri aslında şüphede değiller. Aslında kendileri kötülük yaptıklarını biliyorlar.

Euripides, belki de mutlak iyinin veya mutlak kötünün olmadığını, iyinin ve kötünün bakış açısına göre değişebildiğini anlatmak istemiş... Bilmiyorum. Açıkçası Sophokles'te bu nasıldı çok zaman geçtiğinden pek hatırlayamıyorum ama yine de okunmalı mı? Muhakkak okunmalı.

M. Baran
20.02.2021
Saati 02:50 etmişiz ya!

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