Bosnian Trilogy #1

Le pont sur la Drina

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A Visegrad, c'est sur le pont reliant les deux rives de la Drina mais aussi la Serbie et la Bosnie, l'Orient et l'Occident que se concentre depuis le xvie siècle la vie des habitants, chrétiens, juifs, musulmans de Turquie ou « islamisés ». C'est là que l'on palabre, s'affronte, joue aux cartes, écoute les proclamations des maîtres successifs du pays, Ottomans puis Austro-Hongrois.

C'est la chronique de ces quatre siècles que le grand romancier yougoslave Ivo Andrić, prix Nobel de littérature en 1961, nous rapporte ici, mêlant la légende à l'histoire, la drôlerie à l'horreur, faisant revivre mille et un personnages : de Radisav le Serbe empalé par le gouverneur turc, à Fata qui se jette du pont pour éviter un mariage forcé, et au vieil Ali Hodja, le Turc traditionaliste, qui voit avec consternation surgir les troupes de l'empereur François-Joseph.

En 1914, le pont endommagé dans une explosion demeure debout. Sinistre présage, cependant, grâce auquel ce roman paru en 1945, oeuvre d'un écrivain bosniaque par sa naissance, croate par son origine et serbe par ses engagements d'alors, nous paraît aujourd'hui mystérieusement prophétique.

380 pages, Mass Market Paperback

First published January 1,1945

This edition

Format
380 pages, Mass Market Paperback
Published
July 5, 1999 by Le Livre de Poche
ISBN
9782253933212
ASIN
225393321X
Language
French
Characters More characters
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  • Abidaga

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About the author

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Ivo Andrić (Serbian Cyrillic: Иво Андрић; born Ivan Andrić) was a Yugoslav novelist, poet and short story writer who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1961. His writings dealt mainly with life in his native Bosnia under Ottoman rule.
Born in Travnik in Austria-Hungary, modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovina, Andrić attended high school in Sarajevo, where he became an active member of several South Slav national youth organizations. Following the assassination of Archduke of Austria Franz Ferdinand in June 1914, Andrić was arrested and imprisoned by the Austro-Hungarian police, who suspected his involvement in the plot. As the authorities were unable to build a strong case against him, he spent much of the war under house arrest, only being released following a general amnesty for such cases in July 1917. After the war, he studied South Slavic history and literature at universities in Zagreb and Graz, eventually attaining his PhD. in Graz in 1924. He worked in the diplomatic service of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia from 1920 to 1923 and again from 1924 to 1941. In 1939, he became Yugoslavia's ambassador to Germany, but his tenure ended in April 1941 with the German-led invasion of his country. Shortly after the invasion, Andrić returned to German-occupied Belgrade. He lived quietly in a friend's apartment for the duration of World War II, in conditions likened by some biographers to house arrest, and wrote some of his most important works, including Na Drini ćuprija (The Bridge on the Drina).
Following the war, Andrić was named to a number of ceremonial posts in Yugoslavia, which had since come under communist rule. In 1961, the Nobel Committee awarded him the Nobel Prize in Literature, selecting him over writers such as J.R.R. Tolkien, Robert Frost, John Steinbeck and E.M. Forster. The Committee cited "the epic force with which he ... traced themes and depicted human destinies drawn from his country's history". Afterwards, Andrić's works found an international audience and were translated into a number of languages. In subsequent years, he received a number of awards in his native country. Andrić's health declined substantially in late 1974 and he died in Belgrade the following March.
In the years following Andrić's death, the Belgrade apartment where he spent much of World War II was converted into a museum and a nearby street corner was named in his honour. A number of other cities in the former Yugoslavia also have streets bearing his name. In 2012, filmmaker Emir Kusturica began construction of an ethno-town in eastern Bosnia that is named after Andrić. As Yugoslavia's only Nobel Prize-winning writer, Andrić was well known and respected in his native country during his lifetime. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, beginning in the 1950s and continuing past the breakup of Yugoslavia, his works have been disparaged by Bosniak literary critics for their supposed anti-Muslim bias. In Croatia, his works had occasionally been blacklisted following Yugoslavia's dissolution in the 1990s, but were rehabilitated by the literary community. He is highly regarded in Serbia for his contributions to Serbian literature.

Community Reviews

Rating(4 / 5.0, 98 votes)
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98 reviews All reviews
April 17,2025
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Stunning, sweeping and awesome fiction book that gives the history of the Balkans through the lens of the life of a bridge from the 16th century to the World War II by the Nobel Prize winning author Ivo Andric. A must read for anyone who wants to understand the complexity of Balkan conflict. A tragic story, but very touching and beautifully written.
April 17,2025
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‎دوستانِ گرانقدر، این کتابِ مشهور، به داستانِ پلی بر "رودخانهٔ درینایِ یوگسلاوی" و صربستان و دهکدهٔ نزدیکِ آن "ویشه گراد" مربوط میشود.. داستانِ سالیان سال و سده ها زندگی پر فراز و نشیبِ آن سرزمین که چگونه هربار با تلاش و ایستادگی، بیگانگان و دشمنان را از سرزمینشان رانده اند، را بیان میکند و البته در کتاب بارها به خرافاتِ دین�� و مذهبی و افسانه های مربوط به آن سرزمین که به نوعی با این پُل نیز در ارتباط میباشد، پرداخته شده است
‎آنگونه که در کتاب آمده، این پل را وزیر عثمانی ها یعنی محمد پاشا، ساخته است و در حال ساخت، نوزادانی را با هدفِ نابخردانهٔ قربانی کردن، در پایه های پل قرار داده اند و حتی سوراخ هایی در آن ایجاد کردند تا به نوزادهایی که در جرزِ دیوارِ پل قرار گرفته اند شیر مادر داده شود!!.... و هنوز اعتقاد داشته اند که پس از گذشتِ سالها و سده ها از آن سوراخ ها در زمان مشخصی شیر مادر بیرون می آید که آن را از روی سنگها میتراشند و به منظورِ تبرک و شگون به مادرانِ شیرده میدهند تا شیرشان زیاد شود... نیتِ سنگتراشانِ قدیم که بنا به روایاتِ قدیمی با همهٔ مشکلات و شگفتی ها پنجه درافکنده و مجبور شده بودند که نوزادان را میانِ دیوارهٔ پل کار بگذارند، تنها دوام و زیباییِ کارشان نبوده است، بلکه استفاده و رفاه نسلهای بعدی را نیز در نظر داشته اند!... قسمتی از پل "کاپیا" نام دارد که مردم از سنین کودکی تا بزرگسالی، خاطرات فراوانی را در آن برایِ خود رقم میزنند... افسانه های بسیار و غیر قابلِ باور نیز درمورد آن ساخته اند که بهتر است خودتان آنها را در کتاب بخوانید و در پایان از سرنوشت غم انگیزِ این پل آگاه شوید... جالب است که در مورد افسانه هایی که در موردِ پل ساخته شده است، مسلمانها و تورک ها یک چیز میگویند و مسیحیان چیز دیگر، ولی آنچه اهمیت دارد این است که "کاپیایِ" این مردم قلبِ پل است و پل قلبِ شهر است که در قلبِ هرکس جای دارد
‎عزیزانم، با آنکه نوشتنِ این کتاب، سببِ دریافتِ جایزهٔ نوبل برای نویسندهٔ آن «ایوو آندریچ» شد، امّا نظر دادن در موردِ این داستان سلیقه ای میباشد و شاید رویدادهایِ غم انگیز و تلخی که برای مردم "سارایه وو" و "بوسنی" پیش آمده است، در احساسی برخورد نمودنِ با این کتاب تأثیرگذار باشد، چراکه این کتاب شاید برای مردمان همان سرزمین جالب و تاریخی باشد، برای ما ممکن است خیلی از روایت ها بی مفهوم جلوه کند... داستانها و روایت هایی در کتاب آمده است که نکتهٔ خاصی در آن ها به چشم نمیخورد.. تنها آداب و رسومِ مسلمانها و مسیحیان و یهودیانِ ساکن در آن منطقه و روایت هایی از داستانهای افسانه ای مانند و خرافات گونه میباشد و البته موضوع آزاردهنده و بسیار غم انگیزِ جنگ نیز در داستان گنجانده شده است که بیشتر به تصرف بوسنی و آن منطقه توسط اتریشی ها اشاره شده است ... درکل باید بگویم: چنانچه داستان و روایتها کوتاه تر میبود، خواندنش تا به این اندازه خسته کننده نمیشد
‎بخش هایی از این کتاب را به انتخاب در زیر برایتان مینویسم
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‎مردم عرق گیلاس را با شادی و به سلامتی یکدیگر بر روی پل مینوشیدند... گویی احساس میکردند که در ورایِ این تاریکی و وحشت و جنگ و گلوله هایِ مهلک، چیزهایِ دیگری در زندگی هست که انسانی تر و شادی بخش تر است
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‎تنها تفاوت روز با شب این بود که هنگامِ روز آتشِ توپخانه شدیدتر و احمقانه تر میشد و بازیِ جنگ به صورتِ نامفهوم تری ادامه میافت... روزها معنی و مفهومی نداشت و زمان ارزشِ واقعیش را از دست داده بود.. آنچه این مردم بلد بودند، انتظار و ترس و لرز بود
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‎صرب ها دچارِ سرخوردگی و اغفالِ نهانی شدند و تورک ها وارثِ بی اعتمادی و ترس از آینده... مردم به چیزی امیدوار بودند و از چیزی مأیوس.. در واقع زمانی که عده ای امیدوار بودند، عده ای دیگر میترسیدند... خلاصه مردمِ ساده و بیسواد و مخصوصاً جوانها دچارِ دلواپسی شده بودند
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‎تصنیفی که برخی از جوانها هنگامِ اعزام به خدمت برای مادرهایی که با گریه به دنبالِ آنها میدویدند، و خود را به زیر پای جوانها می انداختند و میگفتند از روی بدن ما عبور کنید... میخواندند، اینگونه بود که
‎هر مادری در "سارایه وو" و "بوسنی" گریان است
‎هر مادری که پسرِ خود را فرستاده است تا در ارتشِ امپراتور خدمت کند، گریان است
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‎امیدوارم این ریویو جهتِ معرفی این کتاب، کافی و مفید بوده باشه
‎«پیروز باشید و ایرانی»
April 17,2025
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وإنه لمن سخافة الحياة الدنيا أن تُحبط من ظروفك ومحيطك للدرجة التي تعجز فيها عن الكتابة عن درة أدبية مثل تلك، فلا تكتب عن جمال الرواية ولا تعمق الكاتب ومعرفته وحسه النقدي للتاريخ والمجتمعاتـ فتكتفي من العمل العظيم بتذوقه فقط، وهذا لو تعلمون عظيم.
April 17,2025
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Romanzo corale che con mirabile sintesi ripercorre quattro secoli di storia, dal '500 alla I guerra mondiale. Dall'Impero ottomano a quello austro-ungarico una carrellata di destini umani accompagnata da sottile disamina delle modifiche al territorio, simbolo per tutto la costruzione del ponte sulla Drina, e soprattutto dalla fotografia dell'amalgama umano in un crocevia fatto di stratificazioni di invasori, culture, religioni. La coesistenza pacifica di genti diverse a Visegrad non regge il confronto con la belligeranza che accompagna l'uomo distruttore. La critica alla grandezza dell'Impero austro-ungarico è sicuramente più netta rispetto a quella rivolta all'Impero ottomano: sotto l'egida della civiltà e del progresso i nuovi colonizzatori, a dispetto di tutte le barbarie precedenti, turche, portarono solo una capacità di annientamento e di distruzione peggiore, le possiamo dare il nome di autodistruzione.
April 17,2025
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Ivo Andric's chronicle is a series of utterly engaging vignettes that bring to life Bosnia's rich and troubled history. Serbs, Croats, Jews, and Turks form the multicultural yet labile fabric of this society. Visegrad witnesses tumultuous events- as a town in an Ottoman sanjak, protectorate under Austria-Hungary, annexation to the Dual Monarchy, and finally the Great War- each of them leaving their mark.

The practice of devshirme/blood tax causes a boy who rises up to the highest echelons of Ottoman bureaucracy to construct the bridge on the river. It is a means of coming to terms with his history as well as "the definitive link between Bosnia and the East, between the place of his birth and the place of his life." While its construction, Radisav is impaled; as if this history has impaled Bosnia on the stake as well between Christendom and the Muslim world. The metaphor of the bridge for the people of Bosnia and the country itself is the pivotal link throughout the novel. One may also argue that the bridge hovers. It yearns for the vast heavens but also for the waters of the Drina.
“A man was then as if in a magic swing: he swung over the earth and the waters and flew in the skies, yet was firmly and surely linked with the town and his own white house there on the bank with its plum orchard about it”

There is a delightful but relevant folk aspect as monuments often do. Whether it be about Fata who drowns herself in the Drina or about the Devil's coin, the narrative never loses its vitality. References to past characters abound, similar to how legends crop up in people's memories years later. The bridge is a witness to upheavals, no matter how bloodthirsty. It persists and thrives however even then. I was reminded of Tennyson's "The brook" which refrains "For men may come and men may go but I go on forever."

The town's occupation under the Hapsburgs brings the first winds of change whether they be in the form of industrialisation, higher education, a booming economy, but also aggressive nationalism. The bridge collapses in the end,"its broken arches long painfully toward each other" which paints a rather bleak picture. An enchanting, lyrical, and absorbing work.
April 17,2025
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Epico, storico, quasi eziologico su quelle che sono le origini dei conflitti tra Bosnia e Serbia (quelle che io ancora identifico ingenuamente come ex-Jugoslavia). Il ponte, che esiste realmente, è al confine tra questi due mondi ed è il protagonista del romanzo, non una famiglia, non un popolo, ma un ponte: idea assolutamente geniale questa, creare uno spettatore alle storie che sono vissute intorno a lui, alla sua nascita, costruzione e distruzione, intrecciandole con la storia di un paese. Ci sono pagine dure, molto dure e crude da affrontare, eppure Andric ha un tocco delicato anche nel descrivere scene aberranti e dolorose. Una prosa colloquiale quasi in rapporto diretto con chi legge, come a raccontare vecchie storie di famiglia o a svelare antichi segreti che, ormai, non possono più danneggiare nessuno, ma possono, in parte, spiegare dove e come nasce l’odio. Bellissimo, scorrevole, da leggere assolutamente se interessati a conoscere la storia di chi ci vive accanto . Peccato che arrivi solo alla Prima Guerra Mondiale, quanto mi sarebbe piaciuto sapere cosa pensa Andric di quello che è accaduto dopo… (ps. il libro è stato scritto tra il 1942 e il 1943).
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il_pont...
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivo_And...
April 17,2025
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n  "[…] die Brücke ändert sich nicht mit den Jahren, noch mit den Jahrhunderten oder mit den schmerzlichsten Änderungen der menschlichen Beziehungen. Alles dies geht über sie ebenso hinweg, wie das unruhige Wasser unter ihren glatten und formvollendeten Bögen dahinfließt."n

Die Geschichte der Brücke über die Jahrhunderte hinweg, gibt ein anschauliches Bild von den wechselhaften und bis heute komplizierten Verhältnissen auf dem Balkan. Panta rheiAlles fließt und nichts bleibt.
April 17,2025
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A case of putting in one's mouth more than what he can swallow. Or, maybe more precisely, swallowing more than what his stomach can digest.

This book ends in the year 1914 and starts some three hundred years before, just before this great stone bridge was built on the powerful river named Drina. Three hundred fourteen pages of three hundred or so years, roughly one page per year (not that the author actually attempted to feature each year of these three centuries--many he just skipped by fast-forwarding the passing time).

The characters, too numerous to remember, therefore come and go like lost ants. Just about the time when the reader is beginning to warm up to one, he/she will suddenly be gone since the years must move quickly and no human being can possibly occupy a plot spanning 100, 200 or 300 years. There are attempts to somehow connect ancient characters or events to those who are currently in the present but they turn out to be feeble and hardly evoke any nostalgia.

So how can one write a 300-paged book, or a novel, about a sturdy stone bridge on a river? Well, he has to narrate what happened on the bridge. Here, I have a favorite. A man, found to have committed an offense, was impaled and displayed on the bridge as he dies. They got a long, sharp, pointed pole. The man's legs were spread-eagled like he was a dressed chicken being readied to be barbecued on a grill (but unlike a dressed chicken, this man was alive and partially clothed). He was skewered from his bottoms upwards. The important thing here, however, was that he must be kept alive for as long as possible, so the pointed pole must not hit any of his important organs. No worries! His executioners were already experts on this! They expertly maneuvered the pole starting from the man's anal area, traversing nothing but harmless flesh and innards, until it exited in one of the man's shoulder blades.

There, on top of the bridge, stood this impaled martyr who lived for quite a while, conscious of those who were watching him and hearing the inexorable flow of the water of the Drina below the bridge. Through the magic of literature, through this novel which won for the author the Nobel Prize in 1961, I was taken back hundreds of years before to watch him die too.
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