Under God: Religion and American Politics

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In Under God, Garry Wills, one of our liveliest and most eminent political observers, moves through the tapestry of American history, illuminating the instances where American politics and American religion have collided.

Beginning with the 1988 presidential contest, an election that included two ministers and a senator accused of sin, Wills surveys our history to show the continuity of present controversies with past religious struggles and argues that the secular standards of the Founding Fathers have been misunderstood. He shows that despite reactionary fire-breathers and fanatics, religion has often been a progressive force in American politics and explains why the policy of a separate church and state has, ironically, made the position of the church stronger.



Marked by the extraordinary quality of observation that has defined the work of Garry Wills, Under God is a rich, original look at why religion and politics will never be separate in the United States.

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April 17,2025
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Garry Wills is as thoughtful, articulate, and even-handed as any commentator out there, and here he offers a collection of very insightful essays on the intersection of church and state in America. The book is well worth reading alone for his treatment of (1) Roger Williams, a brilliant iconoclast (and founder of the colony of Rhode Island) who apparently founded the concept of separation of church and state, and (2) the 1925 Scopes Monkey trial. Given the enduring image of the latter in the popular consciousness, it is important to be aware that the play and movie based on that trial, "Inherit the Wind," very inaccurately depicts the actual events. Most striking for me was to learn that defense attorney Clarence Darrow and his journalist friend H.L. Mencken who covered the trial were largely attempting to advance the pernicious "Social Darwinism," particularly as articulated by Nietzsche, and that prosecuting attorney and fervent evangelical William Jennings Bryan had long expressly declined to challenge Darwin's theory of evolution even though he did not personally believe it.

The chapters on the 1988 presidential election (which shortly preceded this book's publication) can be skipped, I suppose, but at the expense of missing many enlightening connections that Wills draws with earlier developments in the church-state interface, and at the expense of missing the chance to reflect on a time when the Republican Party was not yet amoral and nihilistic.
April 17,2025
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This books is Wills examination of Religion in American politics. His main point is that religious leaders trying to influence the government is nothing new. He charts it's history to the beginning of European settlement and continues to this day. This book was published in 1990 and therefore is a little dated.{ The main focus of the book is an analysis of the 1988 election.} It came out before the latest surge of Evangelical political influence. They are no longer content to subtly guide but have developed an angry arrogance; taking the role of an oppressed community demanding supremacy clothed in the language of a struggle for their "freedom of Religion".

One part of this book I found disturbing was the chapter dealing with the Puritans first encounters with Native Americans. The Puritans equated Native religions with Devil Worship and believed fighting and killing them was battling Satan. Wills seemed to excuse their ,what we now call ethnic cleansing behavior, since they were acting on religious motives. Given the repeated horrors perpetrated throughout human history by "true believers" , this excuse doesn't hold up..

That section aside, this is a book worth reading. I have read most of Wills' books and have always learned something from them.
April 17,2025
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I am reading this because it is apropos to these dubious political times in which we find ourselves. So far it has been an good read for historical background for what we are being put through on the battlefield of religious politics. Sometimes it is like reading a book for seminary but, more interesting.
April 17,2025
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One nation under God? Religion has never been far from the surface of American life and politics. This book was written about the personalities and the issues of the 1988 U.S. election. Many of the personalities are no longer part of the election process. In this it is a valuable history resource. But in many ways it hasn't dated. The recognition of the influence of such figures as the pseudo intellectual guru, Francis Schaeffer; the agonising of religious politicians as they wonder how far can they stray from their peers' beliefs; and the short term pandering to special interest groups on the way to the White House. Fascinating for outsiders: the range from the bizzare to the earnest; the dangerous to the determined. Essential journalistic insight into American religion and politics.
April 17,2025
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Garry Wills is a safe bet when he writes about U.S. history, religion or classical antiquity--all of which he is expert in addressing. This book, amounting to a series of essays about the role of religion in the USA from colonial times through 1990, is an example of the creative fusion this polymath achieves when discussing two of his areas of expertise (not to mention occasional references to biblical Greek and the patristics).

Although Catholic, Wills is ecumenical in his approach and recognizes the dominant position of Protestantism, particularly Presbyterian forms of it, in US history. Although liberal, Wills is respectful where, apparently, respect is due as, for instance, in his treatment of elements of the 'right to life' movement ('the seamless garment' element, i.e. those who consistently oppose abortion AND capital punishment and war).

In criticizing fellow Christians, including especially the fundamentalists of various stripes, Wills does it primarily on their own ground and in their own terms, biblically and theologically. His criticisms are scathing. His descriptions often amusing.

Although using the elections of 1984 and, especially, 1988 as contemporary examples of the play of religion in politics, most of this book remains relevant to contemporary controversies and concerns. As ever Wills is adept in nesting the present in the past.
April 17,2025
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For its breadth of topics addressed, depths of intimacies breached, and array of investigative research, as well for its masterfully composed essays, written with precision, excellence and care. One need not agree to whichever proposal deposited in whichever section or chapter, only ponder therein for oneself what it means, say, for there to be no prayers or bibles in schoolrooms, or for there to be free license to pornography and ubiquitous erotica? I learned a great deal from this book. There is an air of authority by erudition, eloquence and cogency, about the scope that boldly and unabashedly endeavors to ponder and parcel the makeup of U.S.A.
April 17,2025
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More a collection of essays on topics related to religion and American politics than a cohesive argument. Some of the essays are pretty good, others--the ones about Gary Hart and Michael Dukakis in particular--are skippable. The best of them are probably the ones about Jefferson and Madison, and the sections about Jesse Jackson and William Jennings Bryan are very good as well.
April 17,2025
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The smartest American conservative in the truest sense of that term, not the radical maniacs that rule the religious and political right-wing roost today
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