The Afghan Campaign

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2,300 years ago an unbeaten army of the West invaded the homeland of a fierce Eastern tribal foe. This is one soldier’s story . . .

The bestselling novelist of ancient warfare returns with a riveting historical novel that re-creates Alexander the Great’s invasion of the Afghan kingdoms in 330 b.c.
In a story that might have been ripped from today’s combat dispatches, Steven Pressfield brings to life the confrontation between an invading Western army and fierce Eastern warriors determined at all costs to defend their homeland. Narrated by an infantryman in Alexander’s army, The Afghan Campaign explores the challenges, both military and moral, that Alexander and his soldiers face as they embark on a new type of war and are forced to adapt to the methods of a ruthless foe that employs terror and insurgent tactics. An edge-of-your-seat adventure, The Afghan Campaign once again demonstrates Pressfield’s profound understanding of the hopes and desperation of men in battle and of the historical realities that continue to influence our world.

354 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1,2006

About the author

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I was born in Port of Spain, Trinidad, in 1943 to a Navy father and mother.

I graduated from Duke University in 1965.

In January of 1966, when I was on the bus leaving Parris Island as a freshly-minted Marine, I looked back and thought there was at least one good thing about this departure. "No matter what happens to me for the rest of my life, no one can ever send me back to this freakin' place again."

Forty years later, to my surprise and gratification, I am far more closely bound to the young men of the Marine Corps and to all other dirt-eating, ground-pounding outfits than I could ever have imagined.

GATES OF FIRE is one reason. Dog-eared paperbacks of this tale of the ancient Spartans have circulated throughout platoons of U.S. troops in Iraq and Afghanistan since the first days of the invasions. E-mails come in by hundreds. GATES OF FIRE is on the Commandant of the Marine Corps' Reading list. It is taught at West Point and Annapolis and at the Marine Corps Basic School at Quantico. TIDES OF WAR is on the curriculum of the Naval War College.

From 2nd Battalion/6th Marines, which calls itself "the Spartans," to ODA 316 of the Special Forces, whose forearms are tattooed with the lambda of Lakedaemon, today's young warriors find a bond to their ancient precursors in the historical narratives of these novels.

My struggles to earn a living as a writer (it took seventeen years to get the first paycheck) are detailed in my 2002 book, THE WAR OF ART.

I have worked as an advertising copywriter, schoolteacher, tractor-trailer driver, bartender, oilfield roustabout and attendant in a mental hospital. I have picked fruit in Washington state and written screenplays in Tinseltown.

With the publication of THE LEGEND OF BAGGER VANCE in 1995, I became a writer of books once and for all.

My writing philosophy is, not surprisingly, a kind of warrior code — internal rather than external — in which the enemy is identified as those forms of self-sabotage that I have labeled "Resistance" with a capital R (in THE WAR OF ART) and the technique for combatting these foes can be described as "turning pro."

I believe in previous lives.

I believe in the Muse.

I believe that books and music exist before they are written and that they are propelled into material being by their own imperative to be born, via the offices of those willing servants of discipline, imagination and inspiration, whom we call artists. My conception of the artist's role is a combination of reverence for the unknowable nature of "where it all comes from" and a no-nonsense, blue-collar demystification of the process by which this mystery is approached. In other words, a paradox.

There's a recurring character in my books named Telamon, a mercenary of ancient days. Telamon doesn't say much. He rarely gets hurt or wounded. And he never seems to age. His view of the profession of arms is a lot like my conception of art and the artist:

"It is one thing to study war, and another to live the warrior's life."


Community Reviews

Rating(4 / 5.0, 100 votes)
5 stars
31(31%)
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38(38%)
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31(31%)
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April 1,2025
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The story of Matthias, a Macedonian youth who slips away to join Alexander’s corps as it treks across Afghanistan on its way to India. A raw recruit, he is taken under the wing of Flag, a grizzled sergeant who sees him grow in military experience and in cynicism. He buys a slave girl who later becomes his lover, but he learns that this harsh desert land, where even women and children are enemies, is totally alien, and can never accept him.

After the excitement of Pressfield's Gates of Fire, this book disappoints, though it’s not a total failure. Matthias’ growth from a tyro who fails to kill a trussed prisoner and cuts his own leg instead, vomiting, into a vet who has seen it all is handled well. And the sharp, sudden brutality of it all --- the mass slaughter of the female prisoners, the gory battles --- is of course shown in all its disturbing glory. But it seems Pressfield tried too hard to draw parallels between Alexander’s wars and the current Iraq war, and while he may have a general point, it’s out of place in a historical novel and the plot and characterization suffer as a result. And it may be that the drama suffers from the scope of the book being too vast; instead of focusing, or even climaxing, on one battle or area, “the Afghan campaign” is just too large for what Pressfield is trying to do. Still, there’s no denying that this book is packed with entertaining and suspenseful scenes, and it’s a highly enjoyable read. I’m just not entirely sure it works as a whole.
April 1,2025
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Η ιστορία της εκστρατείας του Μέγα Αλέξανδρου μέσα από την προσωπική ιστορία ενός απλού στρατιώτη. Κατά τη γνώμη μου ένα από τα καλύτερα ιστορικά μυθιστορήματα που έχω διαβάσει ποτέ! Τα 4 αστέρια ίσως είναι λίγα για το συγκεκριμένο βιβλίο. Όμως σε ορισμένα σημεία του βιβλίου η πλοκή έμενε πίσω για χάρη της λεπτομερούς περιγραφής των στρατοπέδων και των τοπίων, κάτι που πολλούς μπορεί να τους κουράζει.

Ο Πόλεμος
Το βιβλίο δεν καταπιάνεται με ολόκληρη την εκστρατεία του Αλέξανδρου αλλά ξεκινά μετά την κατάκτηση της Περσικής Αυτοκρατορίας και την εξάπλωσή του στην γη των παιδιών του Αφγάνα, το σημερινό Αφγανιστάν. Αυτό που μου έκανε θετική εντύπωση είναι ότι ο Pressfield δεν παρουσίασε την εκστρατεία των Μακεδόνων ως μια ένδοξη πορεία με στόχο να διδάξουν τον πολιτισμό στους "βαρβάρους", όπως προωθείται από την δυτική σκέψη και ιστοριογραφία. Αντίθετα τίθεται στα σωστά πλαίσια του επιθετικού - επεκτατικόύ πολέμου χωρίς βέβαια να υποτιμάται η σπουδαιότητα του κατορθώματος αυτού. Παρουσιάζονται όλες οι αθλιότητες και οι αγριότητες του πολέμου και από τις δύο αντίπαλες πλευρές.

Ο Μαντίθεος και οι Μακεδόνες
Το κεντρικό πρόσωπο του βιβλίου είναι ο Μαντίθεος, ένας νεαρός από την Μακεδονία που επιλέγει να καταταγεί στον στρατό για να κερδίσει δόξα, πλούτη και να τιμήσει τον πατέρα του και τα αδέλφια του που πολέμησαν στο πλευρό του Αλέξανδρου. Ήδη όμως από την αρχή καταλαβαίνει ότι ο πόλεμος δεν είναι μόνο ένδοξες στιγμές και νίκες. Το να σκοτώσεις έναν άνθρωπο δεν είναι τόσο απλό όσο του φαινόταν και η ζωή του στρατιώτη ξεδιπλώνεται σαν μια καταδίκη σε μια ζωή βιαιότητας. Οι Μακεδόνες είναι πλεόν μια μειοψηφία σε έναν τεράστιο μισθοφορικό στρατό που πρέπει να μάθουν να ζουν και να πολεμούν μη γνωρίζοντας ποιος είναι ο σύμμαχος και ποιος ο εχθρός.

Η Σινάρ και "Οι Βάρβαροι"
Ο Μαντίθεος κατά τη διάρκεια της εκστρατείας σώζει μια από τις ντόπιες γυναίκες που χρησιμοποιούσε ο μακεδονικός στρατός μαζί με τα ζώα για να μεταφέρουν προμήθειες. Βλέπουμε πως ένας έρωτας γεννιέται μέσα στην εσκτρατεία που δεν είναι όμως ο μόνος καθώς πολλοί ήταν οι Μακεδόνες που έκαναν οικογένεια με ντόπιες γυναίκες. Οικογένειες όμως που συνήθως ήταν καταδικασμένες εξ' αιτίας του σκληρού κώδικα τιμής των λαών της περιοχής που επέβαλλαν την εκδίκηση. Βλέπουμε τους λαούς αυτούς κατεστραμένους να προσπαθούν να επιβιώσουν υποχρεωμένοι να συμβιβαστούν με τον κατακτητή και παράλληλα να παλεύουν για τη διατήρηση του πολιτισμού τους και του τρόπου ζωής τους. Τι διαφορά είχε άραγε εκείνη η μακρινή εποχή από σημερινές ανάλογες περιπτώσεις;


April 1,2025
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Personally this is a 4 star book, but to provide an evenhanded score for people who aren’t obsessed with ancient history, I’ve given it three.

Pressfield’s narrative follows a young, newly enlisted soldier in Alexander’s Macedonian army after the king’s most famous victories at Granicus, Issus, and Gaugamela. What’s left is a glory-less trudge through Afghanistan, and a war that saps hope and betrays all notions of honor.

While it is well written, one never feels quite as close with the characters as in the superbly done Gates of Fire. Part of this is that the cast rotates in and out so quickly, and the nicknames make it difficult to keep track of who is who. While I’m sure some liberties were taken, this book does deliver the exhausting feel of being in Alexander’s army, the ethnic hatreds that arise out of their campaigns and the assimilation of “barbarians,” and the sheer scale of what Alexander’s soldiers were asked to do.

The story ends on an empty, bitter note. But how else would you expect a book titled “The Afghan Campaign” to end?
April 1,2025
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This book was just boring. There was nothing that made me give a shit about any of the characters. They felt very cookie cutter. Sad because I loved Gates of Fire and was hoping I would love this one too.
April 1,2025
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A great read, in the tradition of classic historical fiction writers like Rosemary Sutcliff, Mary Renault, and - more recently - Harry Sidebottom. Erudition and thrills combined. Thrilling, engaging, brutal and informed.
April 1,2025
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This book was rather strange. I do not know if it was just a bad book or a good story badly written. It is a historical fiction and I am unfamiliar with the author though from a GR check he does seem to be an accomplished professional. As an accomplished author I am at a loss to explain the apparent sloppiness of this book. For a historical fiction to meet my approval the story must mesh with the historical event(s) depicted. In this book the history concerns the invasion of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great in about 330BCE. The story is about a young Greek infantry recruit named Matthias. Sadly, Matthias' story simply uses the Alexander history as a backdrop and the Alexander history is thin at best. In actuality Matthias' story is pretty ordinary and typical of the story of any infantry grunt in any army, in any war, in any country, at any time. However, the story itself isn't bad or badly written but the sloppiness occurs in the history and its detail. If you are going to write historical fiction then you must get your history straight or you lose the real history readers. This author lost me. He describes Afghan warriors as "braves" and their women as "squaws". Terms used traditionally to describe Native American warriors and their women. He describes Afghan cultural practices that are more akin to practices in Muslim cultures but Islam won't be established for another thousand years. He calls native women "dames", a 20th century expression. And what is most laughable is that he has these soldiers sending and receiving mail from Greece to Afghanistan. This is 330 BCE. Paper, and he does refer to paper being used, won't be invented until roughly 100BCE and that will be in China. Paper doesn't reach Europe until well into the Middle Ages but this author has it being used centuries before its historical existence. If that isn't enough should we discuss literacy? It is unlikely that any of these soldiers were able to read or write so sending them mail is idiotic. How could this author make such mistakes? Again, he is an accomplished professional and the story is well written even though the detail is grossly in error. Why? The erroneous material spans cultures, times, peoples. Could there have been something else at play here? Could this book have been meant as some sort of allegory or parable on the futility war especially war in this part of the world? God knows Afghanistan seems to be an area frozen in time that defies any attempt at modern intrusion from any source regardless of intent. Well such a message would be one worth pondering but the fact remains that the author did a clumsy job of imparting it. If he had something important to say then he could have done it better than this.
April 1,2025
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I listened to an interview of the author, Steven Pressfield, by Trey Gowdy on his podcast (https://open.spotify.com/episode/75JP...) in November of 2023, in which he talked about this book. I had previously read Gates of Fire and enjoyed it, so thought I'd add this one to my list.

This was a fantastic and horrible historical fiction book about a time that was filled with violence and conquest, when Alexander the Great conquered the wild lands of Afghanistan before going into India. I haven't learned much about that time, in ~330 BC, and this book was an interesting treatise about a soldier in Alexander's army and a portion of history about which I appreciated reading.

Similar to Gates of Fire, the book does use the vulgar language of men at war and gives tribute to "the gods" of ancient Greece, with no reference or acknowledgement of the one true God, and it struck me how that really was the foundation of those times, so very different from what I've known from my youngest days.
April 1,2025
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Hands down, the finest work of historical fiction I've ever read. And I've read a lot of historical fiction.
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