Rereading Nietzsche is an ongoing challenge as it forces one to question one's own established beliefs and values. He clearly foresaw and described the nihilism that plagues us and completely permeates our society and our consciousness. It seems that he attacks Western civilization and its logos that has been formed over 2500 years, but in reality, his attacks are only ironic and scathing remarks on a major crisis in progress. I don't believe that the overcoming of the long-lasting and spreading crisis of values can be found in the recipes and rhapsodies of our Nietzsche. I think that following his indications leads only to suicide and depression, except perhaps for a few, or to an excessive mania of grandeur.
I hold on to my poor and banal beliefs, I always adhere with more conviction to Christ and the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and I always read more willingly the peaceful and silent reflections of Pascal.
In our present times, we are living in a highly immoral era. The power of customs has weakened, and the sense of morality has vanished. Morality is nothing more than obedience to customs, regardless of their nature. Customs are the transmitted way of acting and evaluating through tradition. In matters where tradition does not prescribe, morality does not exist. And if life is not defined by tradition, the sphere of morality is smaller. This means that someone must rule over you in the form of regulations, orders, and laws for you to be moral.
It follows that morality is prone to multiplicity, and its strength depends on the individuals who form the multitude, that is, on their ability to adhere to the prescribed norms. Every person who tries to escape from tradition simultaneously steps out of the circle of morality. Therefore, the one who strives to be free is also immoral because he wants to depend on himself in everything, not on any tradition. In such a constructed morality, "evil" means arbitrary and individualistic.
As a higher authority of tradition, a person is obliged not because of its order for his benefit but because of the very act of ordering. Oh, what a pitiful world when it has to be ordered and forcibly create an image of its distorted morality! It is necessary to crystallize two types of morality: there is a difference between the morality that shines with the morality of the easiest fulfillment and the morality that shines with the morality of the hardest fulfillment. In the case of the easiest fulfillment, the most moral is the one who makes a sacrifice. In the case of the hardest fulfillment, custom and tradition come to the fore despite individual benefit and contrary to inclination, and in this type of morality, the individual must sacrifice himself. In one morality, he is the doer, and in the other, the sacrificial lamb. Morality requires that one does not think of oneself but respects the rules. The individual's violation of morality falls on the burden of society, and then follows that unnatural punishment, the sting of hypocrisy. So, it is impossible to even imagine what free and sincere souls, individuals throughout history, have endured because they were considered evil and dangerous. Morality acts against the emergence of new and better customs; it dulls.
Daybreak is undoubtedly the least well-known of all of N.'s books, yet it is truly a wonder. This remarkable work is filled to the brim with profound insights. It contains the seeds that would later develop into Foucault's influential works such as Discipline & Punish and The History of Sexuality. One could use Daybreak as the basis for a hundred dissertations and still only begin to explore its depths.
Daybreak showcases N.'s brilliance at a stage before his ideas became more refined, more intense, and more focused on world-building. If you have never delved into the works of Nietzsche and wish to gain an understanding of the breadth and scope of his thinking, Daybreak serves as an excellent starting point. It offers a unique glimpse into the early stages of his intellectual journey, presenting a wealth of ideas and perspectives that are both thought-provoking and engaging.
A little difficult went forward, but unfortunately I hadn't read an influential book before.
After this book, a kind of thinking was established. A little translation was not perfect, but this is the situation that it is possible to ignore the translation.
It seems that this book has opened up a new world for me. Although there are some difficulties in understanding, I am still very interested in it. I believe that as I continue to read and study, I will be able to have a deeper understanding of this book and gain more inspiration and knowledge.
If you are not prepared to see everything that you and humanity believe to be "right" crumble to the ground, do not read this book. Brilliant! Nietzsche peels away all the layers of our understanding about morality and universal truths. By reading this book, I realized that everything is just a concept, and that things are the way they are because since the beginning we are made to believe that they are so. In fact, we could live in such different ways if we could, or rather, if we allowed ourselves to create our own concepts about everything. Morality is a created value and not fundamental. Reading this book is like taking the blinders off our eyes and the weight of religions off our backs.