Rogue States: The Rule of Force in World Affairs

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From Back Cover:
Described by the New York Times as "an exploder of received truths," Noam Chomsky is an articulate opponent of political hypocrisy, state brutality, and abuse of power. Rogue States is the result of his tireless efforts to measure the world's superpowers by their own standards and to hold them responsible for the acts they commit in the name of their people.

The United States and its allies come in for particular scrutiny for their numerous blatant violations of the very international laws they claim to uphold. With analysis of the United States's bombing campaign against Iraq, NATO'S intervention in Kosovo, US support for a regime terror in East Timor, and the political crisis in Colombia, Chomsky interrogates the rhetoric of Western foreign policy to reveal the insidious interests behind insupportable actions —from paralyzing economic sanctions to surgical military strikes.

Chomsky also turns his penetrating gaze towards continuing US involvement in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, and Latin America to trace the enduring combined effects of military domination and economic imperialism on these Regions.

Throughout, Chomsky reveals the United States's increasingly open dismissal of United Nations resolutions, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and international legal precedent in justifying its motives and actions. As his analysis of US statecraft and warmongering amply reveals, the rule of law has been reduced to a mere nuisance in the United States's brazen bid for the title of "rogue state."

Noam Chomsky, Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is a world-renowned linguist, philosopher, and political analyst. He writes extensively and lectures around the world on international affairs, US foreign policy, and human rights. He has published many books with South End Press, including Fateful Triangle: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinians and Powers and Prospects: Reflections on Human Nature and the Social Order.


Table of Contents 1. Rogues' Gallery: Who Qualifies?
2. Rogue States
3. Crisis in the Balkans
4. East Timor Retrospective
5. "Plan Colombia"
6. Cuba and the US Government: David vs. Goliath
7. Putting on the Pressure: Latin America
8. Jubilee 2000
9. "Recovering Rights": A Crooked Path
10. The United States and the "Challenge of Universality"
11. The Legacy of War
12. Millennium Greetings
13. Power in the Domestic Arena
14. Socioeconomic Sovereignty
Notes
Index
An Excerpt from Rogue States by Noam Chomsky
The concept of "rogue state" plays a pre-eminent role today in policy planning and analysis.
The current Iraq crisis is only the latest example. Washington and London declared Iraq a "rogue state," a threat to its neighbors and to the entire world, an "outlaw nation" led by a reincarnation of Hitler who must be contained by the guardians of world order, the United States and its British "junior partner," to adopt the term ruefully employed by the British foreign office half a century ago. The concept merits a close look.
[...]
A secret 1995 study of the Strategic Command, which is responsible for the strategic nuclear arsenal, outlines the basic thinking. Released through the Freedom of Information Act, the study, Essentials of Post-Cold War Deterrence, "shows how the United States shifted its deterrent strategy from the defunct Soviet Union to so-called rogue states such as Iraq, Libya, Cuba and North Korea," AP reports. The study advocates that the US exploit its nuclear arsenal to portray itself as "irrational and vindictive if its vital interests are attacked." That "should be a part of the national persona we project to all adversaries," in particular the "rogue states." "It hurts to portray ourselves as too fully rational and cool-headed," let alone committed to such silliness as international law and treaty obligations. "The fact that some elements" of the US government "may appear to be potentially 'out of control' can be beneficial to creating and reinforcing fears and doubts within the minds of an adversary's decision makers." The report resurrects Nixon's "madman theory": our enemies should recognize that we are crazed and unpredictable, with extraordin

254 pages, Paperback

First published January 31,1999

About the author

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Avram Noam Chomsky is an American professor and public intellectual known for his work in linguistics, political activism, and social criticism. Sometimes called "the father of modern linguistics", Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science. He is a laureate professor of linguistics at the University of Arizona and an institute professor emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Among the most cited living authors, Chomsky has written more than 150 books on topics such as linguistics, war, and politics. In addition to his work in linguistics, since the 1960s Chomsky has been an influential voice on the American left as a consistent critic of U.S. foreign policy, contemporary capitalism, and corporate influence on political institutions and the media.
Born to Ashkenazi Jewish immigrants in Philadelphia, Chomsky developed an early interest in anarchism from alternative bookstores in New York City. He studied at the University of Pennsylvania. During his postgraduate work in the Harvard Society of Fellows, Chomsky developed the theory of transformational grammar for which he earned his doctorate in 1955. That year he began teaching at MIT, and in 1957 emerged as a significant figure in linguistics with his landmark work Syntactic Structures, which played a major role in remodeling the study of language. From 1958 to 1959 Chomsky was a National Science Foundation fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study. He created or co-created the universal grammar theory, the generative grammar theory, the Chomsky hierarchy, and the minimalist program. Chomsky also played a pivotal role in the decline of linguistic behaviorism, and was particularly critical of the work of B.F. Skinner.
An outspoken opponent of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, which he saw as an act of American imperialism, in 1967 Chomsky rose to national attention for his anti-war essay "The Responsibility of Intellectuals". Becoming associated with the New Left, he was arrested multiple times for his activism and placed on President Richard M. Nixon's list of political opponents. While expanding his work in linguistics over subsequent decades, he also became involved in the linguistics wars. In collaboration with Edward S. Herman, Chomsky later articulated the propaganda model of media criticism in Manufacturing Consent, and worked to expose the Indonesian occupation of East Timor. His defense of unconditional freedom of speech, including that of Holocaust denial, generated significant controversy in the Faurisson affair of the 1980s. Chomsky's commentary on the Cambodian genocide and the Bosnian genocide also generated controversy. Since retiring from active teaching at MIT, he has continued his vocal political activism, including opposing the 2003 invasion of Iraq and supporting the Occupy movement. An anti-Zionist, Chomsky considers Israel's treatment of Palestinians to be worse than South African–style apartheid, and criticizes U.S. support for Israel.
Chomsky is widely recognized as having helped to spark the cognitive revolution in the human sciences, contributing to the development of a new cognitivistic framework for the study of language and the mind. Chomsky remains a leading critic of U.S. foreign policy, contemporary capitalism, U.S. involvement and Israel's role in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and mass media. Chomsky and his ideas are highly influential in the anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist movements. Since 2017, he has been Agnese Helms Haury Chair in the Agnese Nelms Haury Program in Environment and Social Justice at the University of Arizona.

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58 reviews All reviews
July 15,2025
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A rogue state is typically regarded as a country like North Korea, with a dictatorial leader who causes trouble for everyone else. However, as is often the case, he turns this definition on its head.

First, he delves into the numerous war crimes committed by the US, ranging from our support of dictators (such as Saddam Hussein) to our suppression of the vast majority of citizens through class warfare. Each chapter seems rather random, lacking a great deal of coherence throughout the book. Nevertheless, they are quite understandable and easy to grasp due to the abundance of examples provided.

He is also a bit repetitive, but I don't mind this. In fact, I think it's rather helpful. It reinforces the key points and makes it easier for the reader to remember and internalize the information. Overall, despite its flaws, the book offers a thought-provoking perspective on the concept of a rogue state and challenges the traditional narrative.
July 15,2025
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Some truly great stuff is presented here. However, I find myself tending to agree with others. There exists stronger content by Chomsky that pertains to the same material. This can be discovered in other works of his, such as "Failed States" for instance.

It seems that while the current offering has its merits, the depth and comprehensiveness of the related content in other works might be more substantial. Chomsky has explored these themes in greater detail elsewhere, perhaps providing a more in-depth analysis and a broader perspective.

This doesn't mean that the present material is without value. It may offer unique insights or a different approach to the subject matter. Nevertheless, when considering the full body of Chomsky's work on this topic, it becomes clear that there are other resources that could be further explored for a more complete understanding.
July 15,2025
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The article can be rewritten and expanded as follows:

The so-called discussion on rogue states in this piece is quite a letdown. It doesn't actually engage in a proper exploration as the title might suggest. Instead, it devotes over 300 pages to painting America in a negative light, portraying it as the only rogue state in the world. This one-sided and repetitive approach makes for a rather dull read. It fails to consider the complex geopolitical situations and the actions of other countries. By simply singling out America and presenting a one-dimensional view, the author misses the opportunity to have a more in-depth and meaningful discussion. In conclusion, it can be summarized in two words: "America bad." However, this simplistic conclusion doesn't do justice to the real issues at hand.

July 15,2025
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Rogue States, which was published in 2000, serves as an excellent introduction to Noam Chomsky and his incisive critique of American foreign and domestic policy.

However, if one has already read other works by Chomsky, this book may seem somewhat repetitious as the examples he cites often tend to be the same.

There is one particular passage that I highlighted, and it showcases both Chomsky's remarkable insight and his unique sense of humor.

"You'll be pleased to know that the Pentagon recently downgraded the threat of Cuban conquest of the United States. It's still there, but it's not as serious as it was. The reason, they explained, is the deterioration of the awesome Cuban military forces after the end of the Cold War, when the Soviet Union stopped supplying them. So we can rest a little bit easier; we don't have to hide under tables the way we were taught to do in first grade. This elicited no ridicule when it was publicly announced, at least here. I'm sure it did elsewhere; you might recall the response of the Mexican ambassador when John F. Kennedy was trying to organize collective security in defense against Cuba back in the early '60s in Mexico: the ambassador said he would regretfully have to decline because if he were to tell Mexicans that Cuba was a threat to their national security, 40 million Mexicans would die laughing."

This passage not only provides a humorous take on the absurdity of some American foreign policy stances but also highlights the need for a more critical examination of such policies.
July 15,2025
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When Noam Chomsky begins to sleep as usual.


Noam Chomsky is a renowned linguist and political activist. His work has had a profound impact on the fields of linguistics, philosophy, and cognitive science.


As he lies down to sleep, his mind may be filled with thoughts of his latest research, upcoming lectures, or political issues that he is passionate about. Despite his busy schedule and the many demands on his time, Chomsky always makes sure to get enough rest.


Sleep is essential for his well-being and allows him to recharge and stay focused on his work. As he drifts off to sleep, he may be unaware of the many people around the world who are influenced by his ideas and inspired by his activism.


But even in his sleep, Chomsky's influence continues to spread, as his work continues to shape the way we think about language, mind, and society.

July 15,2025
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First - The translation is not good.

Second - The book is a collection of various articles and words that talk about different international issues in which America was involved (Nicaragua, Cuba, Cuba, Indonesia, the Philippines, Iraq, Libya, Bosnia...) and of course the immediate journalistic analysis is taken out of context and does not provide sufficient clarification of the issue it is facing.

It should be noted that this description seems rather one-sided and perhaps inaccurate. America's actions in the international arena are complex and multifaceted, and cannot be simply generalized or misinterpreted in this way. We should view historical events and international relations from a comprehensive and objective perspective, taking into account various factors and interests.

Moreover, the repeated mention of Cuba in the text may also indicate a certain bias. Cuba has its own unique history, politics, and social background, and its relationship with the United States is also influenced by many factors. We should respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of each country and promote international cooperation and development through dialogue and negotiation.
July 15,2025
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With an abundance of vivid examples and scathing, withering commentary, Chomsky presents a case that is both blatant and yet, in a sense, implicit. He argues forcefully that the United States is, in fact, the single biggest rogue state among all nations. Consider, for instance, the numerous military interventions the U.S. has engaged in around the world. From the wars in the Middle East to covert operations in Central and South America, the evidence seems to support Chomsky's claim.


It would indeed be an arduous task to read Chomsky's works and then view the world through the same lens, particularly for an American. This is because Americans are often shielded from the true and unvarnished facts regarding their country's extensive involvement and aggression abroad. For example, the full extent of the U.S.'s role in regime changes and the resulting chaos and human suffering is not always presented in the mainstream media. Chomsky's writings serve as a wake-up call, challenging us to look beyond the surface and question the actions and motives of our own government.

July 15,2025
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The following is the rewritten and expanded article:

The perfect antidote to the patriotic Lee Greenwood bullshit.

If even a quarter of this crap is true, then America has a black soul.

Lee Greenwood's brand of patriotism seems to be built on a foundation of false ideals and empty platitudes.

It's as if he is trying to paint a rosy picture of a country that doesn't truly exist.

The reality is that America has a complex and often troubled history, filled with racism, inequality, and injustice.

To ignore these facts and simply spout patriotic nonsense is not only dishonest but also harmful.

We need to face the truth about our country and work towards making it a better place for all.

Only then can we claim to have a real and meaningful patriotism.

Until then, Lee Greenwood's bullshit will continue to be just that - empty words with no real substance.

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