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I could have easily have given this collection 5 stars. The narrative is powerful, evocative and highly emotional, especially in the earlier stories included here. The title piece is actually my favorite, and it is cunningly put as the opening gambit in this sequence of interconnected anecdotes about a group of American infantry soldiers in the Vietnam War. Tim O'Brien claims authority of the eyewitness, uses the confessional mode, puts the focus on the human element, and combines all these to make a strong impression on my rather jaded imagination, saturated with various other written accounts, documentaries and Hollywood adaptations of the conflict. As I advaced through the text, though, I started to get annoyed with the principal voice. I still believe he tried to write an honest account of his life altering experiences at the front, but his insistent and often shrill declarations of authenticity put me in a "dost thou protest too much" mood. It's a writing technique (the unreliable narrator?) that was made too transparent in its use here, the ambiguity introduced deliberately and preemptively flagged by the author, probably in order to protect the identity of his platton colleagues or to avoid being called out for inconsistencies. To summarize: I would have liked either a non-fiction documentary approach, or a "made it all up" stance. The constant swinging between the two approaches from one story to the next served only to pull me out of the story right after a particular bit of dialogue or powerful description managed to pull me in. Also pulling me out was the habit of the author of breaking the fourth wall in order to insert his older self into almost every tale, endlessly explaining why he did this and that, and what the message is, and how we should interpret the text, as if the reader is incapable of doing it on his own, without all the metafiction. It feels like watching a movie for the first time, only with the commentary track turned on, and the director speaking over the original dialogue.
By telling stories you objectify your own experience. You separate it from yourself. You pin down certain truths. You make up others. You start sometimes with an incident that truly happened, like the night in the shit field, and you carry it forward by inventing what did not in fact occur but that nonetheless help to clarify and explain.
I can totally get behind the idea of the redemptive quality of stories, of putting things in perspective after the confusion of actual events, of capturing the moment and the people like the silver emulsion of photographic films, and I consider O'Brien is largely succesful in his attempt to recreate the attitudes of the young soldiers and the harsh conditions of the tropical land they
have come to conquer. In latter stories, the author insistence on posterity, on bringing the dead to life and offering them a kind of immortality through the medium gets heavy handed and the commentaries get lengthier than the actual content.
In ordinary conversation I never spoke much about the war, certainly not in detail, and yet ever since my return I had been talking about it virtually nonstop through my writing. Telling stories seemed a natural, inevitable process, like clearing the throat. Partly catharsis, partly communication, it was a way of grabbing people by the shirt and explaining exactly what had happened to me, how I'd allowed myself to get dragged into the wrong war, all the mistakes I'd made, all the terrible things I had seen and done.
or :
But this too is true: stories can save us. I'm forty-three years old, and a writer now, an even still, right here, I keep dreaming [them] alive. They're all dead. But in a story, which is a kind of dreaming, the dead sometimes smile and sit up and return to the world.
and again:
Forty-three years old, and the war occurred half a lifetime ago, and yet remembering makes it now. And sometimes remembering will lead to a story, which makes it forever. That's what stories are for. Stories are for joining the past to the future. Stories are for those late hours in the night when you can't remember how you got from where you were to where you are. Stories are for eternity, when memory is erased, when there is nothing to remember except the story.
To be totally honest, I could probably blame some of my overtly critical attitude to the book on my own bias against the American POV insistence on their own heroism and innocence, coupled with a total lack of empathy for the people and the country they are invading. Just once, i would like to read a Vietnam war story written by the other side. The Things They Carried isn't that kind of book, despite some noise about the wrongness of the war, and the one gut wrenching account of coming face to face with one of the victims from the Viet Cong ( The Man I Killed )
The most important single sentence in the book for me, is about the average age of the platoon members: 19. I believe it is important to try to project ourselves to our own view on life and war and politics at that age, and not through the more cynical and circumspect lens of our older worldview (48 in my case). In the first stories, O'Brien comes through as more genuine, and more convincing than in the later stories included in this volume, where he lets his own older self (43) overanalyse every aspect of the narrative and tries to shoehorn them into a predefined moral or "war truth". One story in particular I read as a fanfiction for the M*A*S*H* TV series, and it is one where the opening paragraph is used as caution against its "truthfulness" ( Vietnam was full of strange stories, some improbable, some well beyond that, but the stories that will last forever are those that swirl back and forth across the border between trivia and bedlam, the mad and the mundane. This one keeps returning to me. I heard it from Rat Kiley, who swore up and down to its truth, although in the end, I'll admit, that doesn't amount to much of a warranty.). Apparently, it's also the one story that was considered good enough for a screen adaptation : Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong . It is indeed one of the most elaborate ones, featuring different characters than the usual cast of Alpha Company featured in the rest of the book: a rapid response hospital behind the lines, a young officer conspiring to bring his girlfriend over from the States, and the unexpected outcome of her emerging fascination with the jungle and with weapons of war.
I already mentioned the first ambiguity that the text is based on (unreliable narrator). The other big one is about the author's attitude towards war. He presents himself as a pacifist, aware of the "wrongness" of the cause and a very reluctant draftee in the one story set before his deployment. Rather surprisingly, after reading the whole book, the major tonality of the collection is not one of horror, but one of nostalgia, a Vietnam Blues syndrome that stops former soldiers from reintegrating in a peacefull society and drags them back in fascination to the testing grounds:
War is hell, but that's not the half of it, because war is also mystery and terror and adventure and courage and discovery and holiness and pity and despair and longing and love. War is nasty; war is fun. War is thrilling; war is drudgery. War makes you a man; war makes you dead.
in another place: It wasn't a war story. It was a love story. But you can't say that. All you can do is tell it one more time, patiently, adding and subtracting, making up a few things to get at the real truth. And the horrible truth that I got more than once, is that the narrator misses the war, craves the heightened awareness that your life might end at any moment and that you must live life fully in the present. His "truth" also has a flavor of pride, of having survived the worse, and of having been a member of some exclusivist club, one that people who remained at home cannot understand and appreciate:
And in the end, of course, a true war story is never about war. It's about sunlight. It's about the special way that dawn spreads out on a river when you know you must cross the river and march into the mountains and do things you are afraid to do. It's about love and memory. It's about sorrow. It's about sisters who never write back and people who never listen. .
Conclusion: A memorable journey, a very talented storyteller. One that I would recommend to my friends and probably re-read at one point in the future. But it had less of an impact than, for example, The Quiet American .