Cod: A Biography of the Fish that Changed the World

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An unexpected, energetic look at world history on sea and land from the bestselling author of Salt and The Basque History of the World

Cod , Mark Kurlansky’s third work of nonfiction and winner of the 1999 James Beard Award , is the biography of a single species of fish, but it may as well be a world history with this humble fish as its recurring main character. Cod, it turns out, is the reason Europeans set sail across the Atlantic, and it is the only reason they could. What did the Vikings eat in icy Greenland and on the five expeditions to America recorded in the Icelandic sagas? Cod, frozen and dried in the frosty air, then broken into pieces and eaten like hardtack. What was the staple of the medieval diet? Cod again, sold salted by the Basques, an enigmatic people with a mysterious, unlimited supply of cod. As we make our way through the centuries of cod history, we also find a delicious legacy of recipes, and the tragic story of environmental failure, of depleted fishing stocks where once their numbers were legendary. In this lovely, thoughtful history, Mark Kurlansky ponders the question: Is the fish that changed the world forever changed by the world's folly?

“Every once in a while a writer of particular skill takes a fresh, seemingly improbable idea and turns out a book of pure delight. Such is the case of Mark Kurlansky and the codfish.” –David McCullough, author of The Wright Brothers and 1776

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April 17,2025
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A fascinating review of the history of the Atlantic cod fisheries. While I knew of the stories of the Grand banks and Georges banks from my University days (I doubt there is a Marine Biologist in the world who has not studied this classic case of overfishing), I had never thought about the wider social implications of the collapse of this fishery and I certainly had never wondered too much about the sociological role of the animal. It turns out that Gadus morhua, the Atlantic cod was a major player in a whole heap of human history. The Vikings cold dried it and used it to cross the ocean, the Spanish discovered the New world but kept it secret because they did not want to have to share the fishing grounds, in the 1500’s cod was already changing trade routes and ports were gaining prominence based on its affect. All quite fascinating.

The book starts with a modern day (or at least, 1990’s) peek at the state of the fisheries in Newfoundland and then continues on from there. It is well written, easy to read and thoroughly enjoyable. While it tells a very polarised aspect of history it is a side that would not often be thought of; how many people have thought about Cod when they were examining the American Slave history?

Interspersed through the text are recipes and historical titbits. As I do not eat fish it is very unlikely I will ever try them but reading them is an added view of the historical time in which they were written and for most of the book I quite enjoyed them. At the end however one encounter about forty pages worth of recipes and I might take those slowly.

Aside from the overdose of Cod recipes at the end I would thoroughly endorse this book, I was delighted to read such an expanded story to the basic overexploitation story of the Grand banks.
April 17,2025
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Many years ago when I was in university, I went through a phase of being intensely interested in cod. I wrote a paper about the Newfoundland codfish moratorium in one class, and I and another student jauntily declared ourselves 'pro-cod' in the tutorial for another class (whatever that meant - it was fun to this geeky then-teen, and I think we developed some kind of a pro-cod chant). My interest subsided after that, but I think back on it fondly.

And teenage me was right, the history and politics of cod are really interesting, though far from jaunty. I enjoyed learning more in this microhistory, even if it's from the 90s and no longer current. Well, it is kind of current, because the Atlantic cod stocks still aren't back, decades later. I was interested to learn about the role played by the trade in salt cod in the triangular trade, contributing to the slave-based economy, as well as the hubris and missteps that have led to the collapse of fisheries once viewed as based on inexhaustible supplies.
April 17,2025
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I have now completed the full transformation into my father by reading Cod, the microhistory that launched a thousand microhistories. I came to it after reading Paul Greenberg’s “Four Fish” (spoiler alert: fish number 3 is cod).

It is a surprisingly light and enjoyable read, a political, economic, and social history of the North Atlantic all through the lens of cod fishing. Especially during the early portions of the book, covering the Age of Sailing and earlier, I was not very well-versed in the history (or in maritime...anything), and the subject of cod fishing actually served as a very good grounding point from which it was all easier to absorb.

It has been about fifteen years since this book first came out, so the final section’s portrait of the “present” state of cod fisheries and overfishing is now the recent past (“Four Fish” is a good continuation where this book leaves off). Overall, though, it is full of interesting facts and shines a light on the lives and histories of Newfoundlanders, Icelandic fisherman, the Basques, New Englanders, and more. An educational read.

Plus, it ends with a collection of recipes from around the world and across centuries! I read them for entertainment more than to attempt them, but I did notice some large fillets of bacalao at 22nd and Irving Market today...
April 17,2025
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This is an excellent book and it is well written. I took a flyer on it and was truly mesmerized. Who would have thought that a book about a common food fish would be so entertaining. Mark Kurlansky gives a history of the fish and how it impacted the world. His ode to the cod make you take a different look at the history of the new world that is never told in school. It even has recipes and it is not a cookbook!
April 17,2025
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Made sense living in such a heavy fish and chips culture at the moment.
April 17,2025
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The ideas presented by Mr. Kurlansky should have produced several different books. There are ideas presented here that need to be followed up. Clearly, a serious historical work was not intended. The book is not footnoted. As an amateur historian, I find this problematic and discount the books value. But setting that aside, the book is interesting and well written. Most non-historians will love the book if the topic interests them.
April 17,2025
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I debated between 3 stars and 4 stars... my short attention span throughout the length of the book was mainly due to the fact that I was listening to it on the Audible app while taking walks with my daughter and furry canine.

I appreciate the width and depth that Kurlansky goes into when researching and writing on the foodie topics of his books - first Salt and now Cod.

I was excited to listen to this book and share my findings with my husband, a lover of fish and fishing. I have since moved onto another audio book, but the two things I recall from Cod:
1) Cod are stronger than salmon.
2) At one point in history (a long time ago, but do not ask me the year), people RELUCTANTLY ate lobster when they could no longer fish. And they were ASHAMED to admit it.
April 17,2025
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While one would think a book entirely devoted to codfish would enervate, if not actually annoy, in fact this work is a fascinating examination of the human tendency to greed as played out on a global scale. This is easily equal in quality and complexity, to my mind, with a novel by Dostoevsky, for instance. It follows the trail of guilt and rapacity from early times to today's sad, inadequate harvest and is witty in to the bargain. A great read.

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