Twayne's Masterwork Studies #108

Oedipus Tyrannus: Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge

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Oedipus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge, 2/e , is an accessible yet in-depth literary study of Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus ( Oedipus Rex )--the most famous Greek tragedy and one of the greatest masterpieces of world literature. This unique volume combines a close, scene-by-scene literary analysis of the text with an account of the play's historical, intellectual, social, and mythical background and also discusses the play's place in the development of the myth and its use of the theatrical conventions of Greek drama. Based on a fresh scrutiny of the Greek text, this book offers a contemporary literary interpretation of the play, including a readable, nontechnical discussion of its underlying moral and philosophical issues; the role of the gods; the interaction of character, fate, and chance; the problem of suffering and meaning; and Sophocles' conception of tragedy and tragic heroism. This lucid guide traces interpretations of the play from antiquity to modern
times--from Aristotle to Hegel, Nietzsche, Freud, Lacan, Lévi-Strauss, Girard, and Vernant--and shows its central role in shaping the European conception of tragedy and modern notions of the self. This second edition draws on new approaches to the study of Greek tragedy; discusses the most recent interpretative scholarship on the play; and contains an annotated up-to-date bibliography. Ideal for courses in classical literature in translation, Greek drama, classical civilization, theater, and literature and arts, Oedipus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge, 2/e , will also reward general readers interested in literature and especially tragedy.

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April 1,2025
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This book is an intellectual and compelling discussion of Sophocles' horribly beautiful play. I especially liked Segal's position that Oedipus is no "puppet of the gods" despite the fact that all roads seem to lead to the oracular truth that he was destined to slay his father and bed his mother. Segal quotes Karl Reinhardt and writes: "'For Sophocles, as for the Greeks of an earlier age, fate is in no circumstances the same as predetermination, but is a spontaneous unfolding of daimonic power.' The play leaves it an open question whether Laius, Jocasta, or Oedipus might have prevented the fulfillment of the prophecies if they had simply done nothing: not exposed the infant, not consulted Delphi, not avoided Thebes, not married an older woman, and so on." I particularly like this stance, given the fact that Jocasta commits suicide "by her own hand" and Oedipus's answers the Chorus's amazement with the following line: "But the hand that struck me / was none but my own" (Grene translation).

Greek plays are sometimes hard to love on a first reading. All the pleasure comes in the re-reading and the mulling and contemplation. I feel passionately about certain plays - Aeschylus' Agamemnon and Sophocles' Ajax are included - because they contain certain lines that move me profoundly. Oedipus is perhaps my ultimate favorite, mostly because Sophocles' mastery of the dramatic tension, the breathtaking high-wire act of Oedipus as he makes progress only by moving backward into the past, his own past.

Segal's analysis and discussion proves the relevance the play has for modern audiences and takes a lot of joy in the small but profound word plays and nuances of language.
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