Nabokov is a complex figure. If he hated America so much, does that mean he loves Russia? I don't believe he did. I don't think he was capable of that intense kind of love or hate for a country. He was, in my view, too selfish. This can be clearly seen in his writing. He chose each word with such care as if his entire life depended on it. He was infamous for jotting down every thought on three-by-five index cards. His life was a continuous journey of exile, moving from England to Germany, then to France, to America, and finally to Switzerland. It was right after renouncing his Russian nationality that he presented the American public with this novel called Lolita, which some might consider a form of verbal masturbation. Here we have this Russian guy who had only been living in the US for about a decade or so, yet was able to handle the English prose in a way that was almost as wild as Faulkner on acid!
For Nabokov, the simple comparison of Russia versus America would have been too simplistic. If he was tortured, and I believe he was, then it was about something less obvious. The Cold War might have had some influence, but his oddness, that something which doesn't quite make sense about him, goes much deeper. No, I'm not referring to the sexual perversity in his book, which is hardly relevant here, but rather something else. It's the neatness, the systematic design of his life, just like those index cards. Did you know that he lived exactly twenty years on each continent? Twenty years in Russia, twenty in Western Europe, and twenty in America. Before his final attempt in the neutral Switzerland, where he ended up dying in his seventeenth year there. If he had lived, would he have moved again once he filled his twenty-year quota? And where would he have gone?