There was no doubt about it: if you wanted to succeed you had to go away. You could do nothing in Dublin. This was the belief of Joyce. Every night as he gazed up at the window, he softly said to himself the word paralysis. It had always sounded strangely in his ears, like the word gnomon in Euclid and the word simony in the Catechism. But now it sounded to him like the name of some maleficent and sinful being. It filled him with fear, and yet he longed to be nearer to it and to look upon its deadly work.
Dubliners is, by reputation (among English professors and scholars, at least), one of the greatest collections of short stories ever produced. Of course, as they say, them’s fightin’ words, so have it your own way, but I vote with that crowd of high admirers, and always have, having read it or stories from it many times. This is the first time I am hearing it read aloud, in the appropriately Irish voice of Connor Sheridan, that somehow captures the dry and at times mournful wit the ex-patriate Joyce brings to this tribute to the Dubliners he left behind. Some have found it maudlin, even grim, primarily a critique of the people Joyce left behind, but I found it at turns gently satirical, sometimes melancholy, and always loving, portraits of a time and place, filled with local politics and religion and (especially) finely sketched characters, some stories focused on lost opportunities for love or leaving.
In 2000 Time Magazine listed the greatest novels of the twentieth century and listed the difficult English major Everest of Ulysses as the worthiest literary mountain to climb, #1. This prompted thousands of Americans who may never have read 100 novels to read the first three pages and promptly declare Joyce a boring and inscrutable idiot. Though I do think Ulysses is one of the greatest novels ever written, I don’t think it would be particularly enjoyable for the general population; nor do I think most people “should” read it. But Joyce is an amazing writer; he wrote four works of fiction, in increasing levels of difficulty and formal experimentalism. If you like short stories and want to try Joyce, I would try Dubliners, the most recognizably traditional stories he wrote. If you like that, I might then try the somewhat more formally challenging A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. If you decide to go to graduate school, then consider Ulysses, sure, but only then, which owes something mock-epic to Homer’s Odyssey, and each chapter in a literary style of different periods/centuries. Finnegan’s Wake, which took him twenty years to write, almost no one reads, for good reason. It is so experimental most people can’t make heads or tails of a single paragraph. (No, I have not yet finished it, and probably never will).
Dubliners, published in 1914 (after nearly ten years of his trying to get it published!), is short, as story collections go. I have my favorites: “Eveline,” about a young shop girl conflicted about leaving her widowed father to live life with a sailor, and “Araby,” about a shy young man’s fruitless pursuit of a young woman, dooming them both to loneliness. Some of the deft observations of character in the writing are beautiful. The true gem of the collection may be the magnificent and mournful closing long story, “The Dead,” which features Gabriel, asked to give a short speech in honor of his aunts at a holiday party, who is disappointed not to “experience intimacy” with his wife Greta after the party, seeing her sadly draped on the bed. A song that was sung at the party reminded her of a time when she was seventeen when she had loved a boy, Michael Furey, who lost his life in the war. Gabriel is jealous of a love she sees Greta had for this boy, a love that he and Greta have perhaps never had themselves. And then, this reflection, using snow to punctuate Gabriel's sense of himself and maybe Joyce's view of Dublin.
Proust wrote: "In reality, when he reads, each reader is actually the reader of his own self. The work of the writer is nothing more than a kind of optical instrument that the writer offers. It allows the reader to discern that which, without the book, he might not have been able to see in himself." Do we not in our empathetic reading of Gabriel, see ourselves and reflect on our own lives? Many characters in Dubliners experience the struggle about whether to stay or leave, or to just act passionately, facing a kind of paralysis that Joyce refers to in the opening story, “The Sisters.” Dubliners is a wonderful collection, short enough to read in a few hours. It’s full of self-reflection and "inwardness." Listen to it, read it. Some of the stories have been made into films, like John Huston’s The Dead. Here’s the whole story “The Dead” for you to read. (You’re welcome): http://english-learners.com/wp-conten...
Dubliners is an excellent collection that is perfect for reading on a quiet Sunday evening. It allows you to escape from the rest of the world and immerse yourself in Joyce's unique version of Dublin, Ireland. It's also fascinating to explore a book that was accepted for publication in 1904 but was passed from one fearful publisher to another due to puritan prudery, until it was finally published nine years later. We should be grateful for its publication and for Joyce's reasons for isolation from Victorian society, which perhaps enable him to understand the "outsider" narrative so deeply.
When I taught a college program at a rural high school, I discovered that Joyce's short stories were easy to teach. They have a layered and crisp writing style that students at that level can easily digest, and some of the stories also deal with the theme of choice, which leads to great lecture discussions. For example, in "Eveline," a young woman must choose between leaving her drunken and abusive father with her sailor fiance or fulfilling the promise she made to her dying mother to stay home and take care of the household, despite seeing her mother's life as "pitiful." Just imagine the lively discussions, deep ponderings, and thoughtful essays that emerged from such a story.
So, I decided to revisit this collection of fifteen stories, each written with the ordinary life in mind. Each story serves as a reminder of the choices we face in love, family, and career, and each encapsulates the themes of loneliness and emotional and spiritual awakening. While you don't get the same writing style as in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, you do get the same thematic undertones. And somehow, reading a Joyce book always leads to moments of reflection.
In "Little Cloud," there is a struggle with parallels as the main character measures his success against his friend's poetic achievements, leaving him disillusioned. In "The Boarding House," the young and in-love characters face a society that dictates marriage after their brief affair, but the question remains: is he ready for marriage like she is? According to the editor of this collection, Joyce left Ireland with feelings of "rage, resentment, and revenge," and I would also add a disdain for spiritual shackles. Some of these feelings are also present in stories like "The Sisters" and "An Encounter." However, just as he highlights the torment of conformity, he also, in a small way, indicates the beauty of individual thinking.
Reading this book is an experience that can be likened to meeting a perfect stranger at the park. The two of you find yourselves sitting on a bench, engaged in a conversation where they openly share their truth with you, and you do the same in return. It's a short, yet profoundly meaningful interaction. There are no responsibilities or strings attached, just a moment of pure connection. And then, at some point, one of you remarks, "oh, it's two o'clock already, I'd better be going." And that's the end of it. One could argue that this is the case with all interactions in one's life.
Joyce presents us with a synthesis of people and their actions, their fears, their misconceptions, their loves, and their hates. He offers brief zoom-ins into the details that构成了 his time's Dublin. I, for one, found myself getting lost in this exploration, drawing conclusions and uncovering meanings in symbolisms that might very well be something other than symbolisms. I think this is why many people didn't like Dubliners, and yet, it's also the same reason I did. Isn't it thought-provoking?
Ireland is a great country. It is called the Emerald Isle. After centuries of strangulation, the metropolitan government has left it desolate and it is now a fallow field. The government sowed hunger, syphilis, superstition and alcoholism: Puritans, Jesuits and reactionaries now grow.
When one goes through the list of the greatest writers that literature has given and pays special attention to those who loved their native land in the true sense of the word, the number of authors is significantly reduced.
Besides the Greek bards, who inevitably wrote to their homeland, we will discover that certain authors had a very clear concept of belonging.
Many writers felt a very special affection for their country: García Márquez for Colombia, Balzac, Hugo and Flaubert for France, Hawthorne and his American nature, to name a few.
But when it comes to love for a city, few, very few are those that we rescue. I believe that along with Fyodor Dostoevsky, a passionate lover of his beloved St. Petersburg and Julio Cortázar, doubled between the urbanity of Buenos Aires and the cosmopolitan Paris, only James Joyce is a devout and faithful lover of his native city, Dublin, one of the main cities of Ireland along with Belfast and Kilkenny.
The fifteen stories and tales of “Dubliners” are impregnated with that Irish mysticism in its streets, its people and buildings. Again I remember Julio Cortázar because I believe that these two authors knew how to deeply explore the idiosyncrasy of their cities, managing to show us with firm brushstrokes how the real nature of their inhabitants and those underworlds described in bars, offices, houses, parks, streets, cities, docks and squares was.
Joyce portrays in each story the frustration and solitude of many Dubliners. The great majority of them are simple office workers, maids, elderly ladies, alcoholics, minor politicians, unemployed young people. Joyce wanted to portray the “paralysis” of Dublin. The stories come and go as they are, some of them are open to the multiple interpretations of the readers and always leave us a bittersweet taste.
Death hovers omnipresent and powerful in many of these stories and unease settles in the characters. In most of these stories the attempts of these are futile, they do not reach to cover their needs, desires or hopes. We will not find here funny passages. Perhaps some quasi-funny anecdote, but the atmosphere of the stories is that of a slight floating of souls in suspension.
Of all the stories and besides “The Dead”, of which I already made the corresponding review, the ones that I liked the most were “Eveline”, “Counterparts” and “A Painful Case”. They are three deep stories, written with great finesse and very beautiful literary precision and I also believe that the treatment that Joyce gives to the psychological context of the characters is really wonderful.
Rereading “Dubliners” reaffirms my deep devotion to Joyce, a brilliant writer from whom I learned to overcome the “literary fear” when facing his most difficult work such as “Ulysses” and as it will be soon to read his “Finnegan’s Wake”.
Meanwhile, the reading of this book, “The Dead” and “A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man”, which constitute the most accessible part of his work, define what I wrote previously: that every day I want more of James Joyce.