There is something truly fulfilling in Mr Hemingway's achievement in 'A Farewell to Arms'. One can't help but speculate whether another novel will follow in this remarkable manner and whether it doesn't complete both a period and a phase. The story commences with such beautiful mannerisms, a subtle way to embark on a book where the center stage is that of war. The love-making between the young American hero, Henry, a volunteer in the Italian Ambulance Service, and Catherine Barkley, an English nurse in the British hospital at Goritzia, is a central theme. At first, Henry is just amusing himself, but the affair soon blossoms into real passion.
Henry, who has delightful and fresh relations with the Italian officers in his mess, is wounded with a smashed knee in a night assault near Plava. He is then sent from the field hospital to the American hospital at Milan, where he is the first case. Here, Miss Barkley gets a transfer to nurse him. All the descriptions of life at the front and in the hospitals, the talk of the officers, privates, and doctors, are crisply natural and create a convincing narrative. Catherine, who might be a younger sister of the heroine of Fiesta, is most skillfully modeled as the eternal soul in nursing dress.
During the moments spent in the Milan hospital, where love laughs at matrons and maids, the author tightens his hold over us and spells out that even with our worst fears, the compassion of others can sometimes be enough to give hope in the darkest of days. The story appears to deepen in force when Henry, patched up, returns to the Isonzo front. The year has been a serious one for the Italian army, and the breakthrough of the Germans at Caporetto brings disaster. The last 50 pages of book three describe the Italian army in retreat, the block of transport on the main roads, the bogging and abandonment of Henry's cars on a side road, the Italian privates' behavior and their hatred of the war, and finally the shooting of the elderly officers in retreat by the Italian battle police at the Tagliamento - these pages are masterly and devastating.
The American hero escapes death by diving into the river and later avoids arrest by concealing himself in a gun truck till it reaches Milan. Then, in mufti, he gets to Stiesa and meets Catherine, and the lovers escape to Switzerland by a long night row up the lake. The scenes on the Italian plains hold more atmospheric truth than those of the mountain roads, but all are admirably wrought. The impartiality of the presentation of war is as remarkable as the sincerity of the record of love passion. With remorseless artistic instinct, Mr Hemingway proceeds to match the horrors of human slaughter with his final chapter of Catherine's agony and death as, "a maternity case". Here he rises to his highest pitch, for Catherine's blotting-out is but complementary to the massacre of the millions on the fronts. Henry's coolness of observation in its detailed actuality is perhaps too stressed in the last pages, but the author's method prevails and triumphs in the last line. Hemingway's masterpiece touches in so many ways.