A satirical novel presented in Joseph Heller's characteristic style, this time from the perspective of King David, as famously known in the story of David and the Goliath. I, not being religious myself, upon conducting some online research after finishing the novel, came to the realization that it encompasses a plethora of Biblical events. These include his acts of infidelity and the intense infighting that occurred among his children.
Similar to Heller's other works, this novel essentially delves into a great deal of entertaining yet somewhat aimless rambling. It touches upon various aspects such as aging, his sex life (or the lack thereof), and a sense of world weariness.
I did enjoy the novel to a certain extent. However, I couldn't help but feel that it covered much of the same territory as his other novels, especially Good as Gold and Something Happened. The latter, in particular, seemed to me like a significantly stronger novel.
I believe I have just one final Heller novel left to read before I can claim to have read all of his works. I am hopeful that it will be an outstanding one!
Originally published on my blog here in May 2004.
Even for the most dedicated Heller fan, and the impact of Catch-22 created a vast number of them, his second and third novels are often quite challenging to read. But then, eventually (over twenty years into his career, as he was never a particularly prolific novelist), came God Knows - immediately engaging, hilariously funny, and wickedly subversive.
The concept behind God Knows is straightforward. David, the King of Israel and the author of the psalms, recounts his life while on his deathbed, in the voice of a twentieth-century American Jewish patriarch. For this to work, it has to be executed extremely well, as writing a narration that convincingly seems to come from the mind of a man recognized as one of the greatest poets in history is no easy feat.
Apart from the difficulty of matching his literary merit, David is an excellent choice for this type of novel. He has a significant amount of space dedicated to him in the Bible, which records many fascinating events in his life but also leaves room for Heller to expand on his characterization and that of those around him (Heller's portrayal of Solomon is particularly amusing). The image of him painted, especially in 2 Samuel, is morally ambiguous, making him a more interesting subject for a novel than, say, the prophet Daniel. And there is his importance as an influence on history and an icon for Jewish culture - it is no coincidence that the star of David was made the symbol of the Zionist movement and now appears on the flag of the state of Israel. (As he asks at one point, "Does Moses have a star?")
Much of the humor in God Knows stems from the use of anachronism in a way that reminds me of Caryl Brahms and S.J. Simon. An example of the type of joke used is when David tells his generals to "send a wire," only to be reminded that telegrams haven't been invented yet (the joke being not only that they don't exist but also that everyone knows what they are). This kind of humor can quickly become tiresome, so it's fortunate that Heller doesn't overuse it; it would have been easy to fill every paragraph with such jokes, which would have killed the novel. He also makes most of its uses more subtle than the example I've given. A more pervasive form of anachronism is used in a more indirect way, as Heller gives characters stereotypical Jewish roles from twentieth-century America; this also introduces an element of satire.
David's life included a fair share of personal unhappiness, so God Knows is not a light-hearted novel, even if the humor in it is not as dark as that in Heller's earlier novels. Complaining about his children is part of the Jewish father stereotype, but David really had a lot of trouble with his - the death of Bathsheba's first child, killed by God as punishment for David's sin of sleeping with another man's wife and sending her husband to his death; the rape of his daughter Tamar by his son Amnon; the rebellion of his son Absalom. (And Heller adds the stupidity and humorlessness of his son Solomon - "Schlomo, that schmuck.") However, to Heller, David's relationship with God was the most significant in his life, and although he makes David downplay it, it is clear that the character regrets the loss of God's guiding voice more than anything else (this was another consequence of his adultery with Bathsheba).
From a literary perspective, God Knows is one of the least significant of Heller's novels. On the other hand, it is among his most accessible and enjoyable - and it will make you laugh out loud.
A prostrate King David, with his dwindling powers (both political and sexual), reviews his wars, sons, and lovers. He boasts, demystifies, and confuses. It is a brilliant narration (perhaps even a masterful one), but due to its constant intertextuality with the Old Testament (particularly with the book of Samuel), it makes for a slow reading. There is a limited number of Absalones, Abishais, Abners, and Abigailes (to name just those that start with Ab) that one can endure.
The story of King David is rich and complex, filled with drama and intrigue. His rise to power, his many battles, and his relationships with his family and lovers all make for a captivating read. However, the constant references to the Old Testament can make it a bit of a challenge for some readers. The names and events from the Bible can be overwhelming, especially for those who are not familiar with the scriptures.
Despite this, the narration is still engaging and well-written. The author does a great job of bringing the characters to life and making us feel their emotions. We can see David's pride and his vulnerability, his strength and his weakness. It is a story that has been told and retold throughout history, and this particular version adds a new and interesting perspective.