It is really very funny. Reading about it is quite interesting as I wasn't alive during that time. It's like opening a door to a different era and getting a peek into the happenings that took place long ago. The stories and events described seem almost like a fascinating adventure. It makes me wonder what it would have been like to experience those moments firsthand. Even though I wasn't there, the way it is written makes it come alive in my imagination. I can picture the scenes and the people involved. It's truly a captivating read that keeps me engaged from start to finish.
As an unashamed Michael Lewis enthusiast and someone who has devoured most of his published works, I was taken aback to discover that I had never heard of his book on the 1996 elections. I came across it only after Ezra Klein mentioned it as one of his favorite books in a podcast interview with Lewis (highly recommended).
The book is structured as a chronological diary, with Lewis following aspiring Republican candidates and then the eventual nominees across the country to caucuses, conventions, and other campaign events. At first glance, this might seem like a lazy attempt to turn a series of musings into a published work. However, once I started reading, the format made sense, considering the relatively mundane day-to-day nature of a presidential campaign. In such a campaign, scandals can dominate the news cycle, "momentum" is often an illusion, and both the micro and macro aspects of the election process are easily forgotten.
In the book's introduction, Lewis recounts the remarkably low stakes of the 1996 US Presidential Election. The United States was in a state of "autopilot": steady (but not spectacular) economic growth, no major conflicts or international crises, and a relatively uneventful first term from President Clinton, despite the efforts of his adversaries to expose misdeeds and scandals. In short, it was a comfortably numb state of affairs.
Lewis begins in the early stages of the Republican primary, introducing us to obscure characters whose names have been lost to history (Alan Keyes, Bob Dornan, Lamar Alexander, Phil Gramm), as well as individuals who elicit a "yeah, I think I know who that is" in 2019: Pat Buchanan, Steve Forbes, and the eventual nominee, Bob Dole. Lewis struggles to portray Dole kindly (or at all) throughout the book.
Among this pool of uninspiring professional politicians, one candidate stands out in the eyes of the story-starved Lewis. On a whim (legend has it that one of his factory-floor employees urged him to run), Maurice "Morry" Taylor, the millionaire CEO of the now-absorbed tire manufacturer Titan Tire, was confronted with the question that prods the most ego-driven among us: "why not me?" Before long, he put his own name in the running to represent the 1996 Republican Party as the heir to his billionaire businessman predecessor, Ross Perot.
Unlike most businesspeople-turned-politicians (and fiscal conservatives), Taylor's preoccupation with "managing the government like a business" went beyond simply balancing the Federal Budget. Employing a tactic revived by Trump in 2016 (though actually carrying it out, in Taylor's case), Taylor funded his own campaign. In the absence of "rented strangers" (Lewis' term for the campaign staff that surrounds a candidate and president), he spent more than $6 million of his own funds on a series of innovative (and questionably illegal) stunts to rally the vote: running $5,000 raffles in early-election districts, flooding potential supporters with free swag, and holding a rally of over 6,000 motorcyclists at a party organized for the Republican Party.
Taylor's irreverence and ingenuity didn't end with his electioneering. His ideas were far removed from those of his Republican competitors, whom he claimed were just as poisoned as Clinton's Democrats and the broader two-party centrist system. Some of Taylor's ideas were sensible and down-to-earth, such as implementing term limits (one) for all politicians, advocating for more States' rights and a smaller government, simplifying the tax code, and removing money from politics. However, others, which Lewis and Taylor's enthusiastic (but small) electorate tended to favor, were entertainingly implausible. These included putting a 10-year moratorium on law schools (to prevent lawyers from entering the DC fray), closing all embassies around the world ("international business is done over the phone and fax"), and shutting down the Pentagon (and turning it into a hotel for visiting Representatives and Senators, who would no longer be able to maintain a separate home away from their district). Ironically, Taylor's brutal and symbolic approach to cost-cutting at the White House is reminiscent of the extreme cost-cutting currently underway in Mexico under newly-elected President Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
As the campaign drones on and the more entertaining candidates make way for the purposefully staid Dole vs. the incumbent Clinton, the book loses much of its momentum, and Lewis visibly struggles to maintain the narrative all the way to the end of the election. At this point, Lewis introduces many readers to Senator John McCain of Arizona, who was then on the campaign trail for Dole. McCain, along with Taylor, emerges as one of the few figures unscathed by Lewis' cynical and honest take on politics. (An aside: Lewis' recounting of McCain's humility, open candor, and heroics as a POW for over 5 years only serves to further highlight Trump's deplorable treatment of McCain in his final months.)
The 1996 election, and Lewis' coverage of it, touch on certain issues that have proven prescient and have come to the forefront as Trump has risen to power. These include a visit to the Mexican border, where Lewis marvels at the mass of Mexican hopefuls doggedly risking it all to reach the US, as well as meetings with incipient morals-based Evangelicals and their faith leaders in Colorado Springs.
Lewis grows increasingly frustrated with the minimal ideological space between the two candidates in their attempt to win over centrists, and with the broader two-party system in general. His most pronounced contempt is reserved for the "rented strangers" and pollsters, the career servants of the political class, who shape the opinions and image of the mainstream candidates to broaden their appeal to the largest possible population, often muddying their appeal and held views beyond recognition in the process.
Lewis comes away more or less disgusted with the entire political class (excluding McCain and a cameo from Green Party candidate Ralph Nader), and closes the book with a call to action for a reform of campaign finance and the broader influence of money in politics. This is a similar (and hopefully not entirely hopeless) call to action that we've heard from Bernie Sanders and others over the past decade or so.
Given Lewis' soft re-entry into politics writing this past year with The Fifth Risk (reviewed here: https://ethanphirsch.com/2019/02/10/f...), which essentially calls for sanity and basic competence in politics, it is incredibly entertaining to see a younger Lewis provide a much more unhinged and inflammatory take on politics. He vacillates between Republican and Democrat, Dole and Clinton, seemingly on a whim, ultimately casting his vote for Nader and his reputed $5,000 presidential campaign. Given the massive, 24-person Democratic Party Primary, as well as Trump's continued bloviating from the White House, one wishes that a less reformed Lewis might return for one more bite at the apple.