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Joseph Heller definitely went out with a bang. I don't want to compare this with his legendary debut Catch-22 in terms of "greatness", because these two books are really two different matters. But I must say that I was shocked (in a good way) by the fact that Heller wrote something so beatiful and powerful in this stage of his career, when his books were greeted with moderate success from critics and came largely unnoticed by "regular readers".
The title is, of course, evocative: the allusion to Joyce's masterpiece is very fitting because this book also bears many autobiographic details and the authour is also occupied with a very ambitious task - to draw a multilevel portrait of the creator, and in this case not in the times of his formation and flourishing but in the times of creative crisis, when an authour is passionately thirsty with an idea to come out from writer's block with one more book and not only "a somewhat ordinary book", but a brilliant masterpiece.
Interesting thing is that in this book we have a somewhat ambiguous relation between the images of an authour of the book, his main hero - an aging writer Eugene Pota and Heller himself. It is not written from the Pota's point of view though Pota is definitely a main hero with many striking similarities to Joseph Heller in his career, writing style and personality. But it is written from the perspective of an unnamed authour, responsive and deeply sympathetic to the protagonist but also ironic and sometimes even sarcastic. Of course, there are many things deeply accentuated in the book, which show us that Pota's writing block came not only from creative exhausting and inevitable shortcomings of his age, but also from the stereotypes of consumer society unwittingly penetrating into Pota's mind. For example, Pota has an irreproachable literary taste but he is preoccupied with his last novel being made into successful Hollywood movie. At one moment while searching for inspiration he understands that there is no Hollywood cinema hits based on Svevo's masterpiece 'Zeno's Conscience' or on something written by Jorge Luis Borges. I think that for "real Heller" it is the best reason to say to himself "Damn this stupid Hollywood bonzas. They understand absolutely nothing about literature. So I will write my last book for my own delight. And for those who unlike modern society moneymakers can dig real literature no matter how sophisticated it is." But Pota is afraid to confess such things to himself.
'Portrait of an Artist, as an Old Man' consists of many started and then thrown away variants of book, of expressly down-to-earth (but also deeply psychological and lifelike) pictures of Pota's everyday life and of meditations on writing, its shortcomings (illustrated on great writers biographies) and the stimuli to write (the main of those stimuli is simply "what can I do more?"). This "minibooks" are sometimes intentionally silly and primitive (not for nothing Heller portrays writer in the state of writer's block), sometimes funny and full of trademark Heller's caustic humour. Sometimes they explore some interesting and nontrivial ideas (how about a book written from the perspective of great novel?), but then Pota (and, I think, Heller himself too) understands that he has no time for such a global plan, or it would be too hard to find a material for such a book in his age, or it would obviously came too close to something already written (if you start every new chapter with different "I-narrator" then it reminds of Faulkner's "As I Lay Dying", as Pota's favourite agent Erica says). In this sketches and motifs of abandoning them we can take a look at "writer's laboratory" and many of the problems arisen from writing process (and this is very interesting and thought-provoking aspect of Heller's novel). Sometimes the sketch is rethinking of classical masterpieces of world literature in postmodernist kind: for example, Kafka's "The Metamorphosis" in modern New York decorations, and it is valuable because in these passages Heller is revealed not only as a writer but as a reader too (by the way, very refined and clever one). Some of these rethinkings are really innovative and interesting, i.e. Dostoevsky's "Notes From Underground" with gene as a main hero. But they are come abruptly to an end or even go to nowhere, just as it was planned for illustrating creative crisis.
My only complaint with the book is its infatuation with different erotic and sexual themes, which gave no extra-meaning, bear no esthetical value and obviously vulgarise the whole thing (thank God, only to a lesser extent).
Maybe the most unusual and striking feature in Heller's book is that we can get to know his own opinion on his great predecessors, their problems and, last but not least, their works of a genius. I repeat it again: Heller had exemplary literary taste and his sometimes humorous, sometimes very deep thoughts about treasures of literature are very interesting. Heller shows, for example, deep knowledge of Russian literature: he cites the valedictory poem by the great russian poet Vladimir Mayakovsky written before the last one's suicide, he talks about Pushkin's death on duel and about Tolstoy's panic flight from Yasnaya Polyana. When lecturing in University Of South Carolina he appropriately to his own current stance chooses a theme - "Literature of Desperation", so the lecture focuses on existential crises and life misfortunes of great writers, which form something of "great writer's damnation"-kind. I shall not go for details but the fact that this book is deeply intertwined into genesis of modern literature is obvious only from direct allusions (some books and authours are only mentioned, but more often there are profound and unusual reflections on them) which come to mind right now: Mark Twain's "Adventures of Tom Sawyer..", Joyce's "A Portrait of the Artist, as a Young Man" (and "Ulysses" as well), Samuel Beckett's "The Unnamable" (the famous quote from which becomes a Pota's credo - of course, I mean "I must go on. I can't go on. I'll go on"), Franz Kafka, Fedor Dostoevsky, Jorge Luis Borges, William Faulkner, Herman Melville, Charles Dickens, John Updike, Marcel Proust, Robert Musil (both referred to as "not-easy-for-reading"), Albert Camus, John Barth, Henrik Ibsen, Kurt Vonnegut, Maxim Gorky, the whole pantheon of late XIX century North American greats in his effort about short career of Tom Sawyer as a novelist (including Mark Twain, Jack London, Francis Bret Harte, Herman Melville, Ambrose Bierce, Frank Norris, Henry James, Stephen Crane, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow), Francis Scott Fitzgerald, Thomas Stearns Eliot, Joseph Conrad, John Cheever, Edgar Allan Poe, Malcolme Lowry, Eugene O'Neill, Sinclair Lewis, Theodore Dreiser, Dylan Thomas, Evelyn Waugh, Graham Greene, Truman Capote, Tennessee Williams, Ernest Hemingway, John Steinbeck, J.D. Sallinger, Thomas Pynchon, William Styron and many others. Impressive list, isn't it?
All in all, it is very meaningful, clever written book by brilliant stylist and very talented authour. I know that there are no rumours in Hollywood about the ecranisation of this one but at the end of his life great american writer Joseph Heller gave us an unquestionable masterpiece named "Portrait of an Artist, as an Old Man".
The title is, of course, evocative: the allusion to Joyce's masterpiece is very fitting because this book also bears many autobiographic details and the authour is also occupied with a very ambitious task - to draw a multilevel portrait of the creator, and in this case not in the times of his formation and flourishing but in the times of creative crisis, when an authour is passionately thirsty with an idea to come out from writer's block with one more book and not only "a somewhat ordinary book", but a brilliant masterpiece.
Interesting thing is that in this book we have a somewhat ambiguous relation between the images of an authour of the book, his main hero - an aging writer Eugene Pota and Heller himself. It is not written from the Pota's point of view though Pota is definitely a main hero with many striking similarities to Joseph Heller in his career, writing style and personality. But it is written from the perspective of an unnamed authour, responsive and deeply sympathetic to the protagonist but also ironic and sometimes even sarcastic. Of course, there are many things deeply accentuated in the book, which show us that Pota's writing block came not only from creative exhausting and inevitable shortcomings of his age, but also from the stereotypes of consumer society unwittingly penetrating into Pota's mind. For example, Pota has an irreproachable literary taste but he is preoccupied with his last novel being made into successful Hollywood movie. At one moment while searching for inspiration he understands that there is no Hollywood cinema hits based on Svevo's masterpiece 'Zeno's Conscience' or on something written by Jorge Luis Borges. I think that for "real Heller" it is the best reason to say to himself "Damn this stupid Hollywood bonzas. They understand absolutely nothing about literature. So I will write my last book for my own delight. And for those who unlike modern society moneymakers can dig real literature no matter how sophisticated it is." But Pota is afraid to confess such things to himself.
'Portrait of an Artist, as an Old Man' consists of many started and then thrown away variants of book, of expressly down-to-earth (but also deeply psychological and lifelike) pictures of Pota's everyday life and of meditations on writing, its shortcomings (illustrated on great writers biographies) and the stimuli to write (the main of those stimuli is simply "what can I do more?"). This "minibooks" are sometimes intentionally silly and primitive (not for nothing Heller portrays writer in the state of writer's block), sometimes funny and full of trademark Heller's caustic humour. Sometimes they explore some interesting and nontrivial ideas (how about a book written from the perspective of great novel?), but then Pota (and, I think, Heller himself too) understands that he has no time for such a global plan, or it would be too hard to find a material for such a book in his age, or it would obviously came too close to something already written (if you start every new chapter with different "I-narrator" then it reminds of Faulkner's "As I Lay Dying", as Pota's favourite agent Erica says). In this sketches and motifs of abandoning them we can take a look at "writer's laboratory" and many of the problems arisen from writing process (and this is very interesting and thought-provoking aspect of Heller's novel). Sometimes the sketch is rethinking of classical masterpieces of world literature in postmodernist kind: for example, Kafka's "The Metamorphosis" in modern New York decorations, and it is valuable because in these passages Heller is revealed not only as a writer but as a reader too (by the way, very refined and clever one). Some of these rethinkings are really innovative and interesting, i.e. Dostoevsky's "Notes From Underground" with gene as a main hero. But they are come abruptly to an end or even go to nowhere, just as it was planned for illustrating creative crisis.
My only complaint with the book is its infatuation with different erotic and sexual themes, which gave no extra-meaning, bear no esthetical value and obviously vulgarise the whole thing (thank God, only to a lesser extent).
Maybe the most unusual and striking feature in Heller's book is that we can get to know his own opinion on his great predecessors, their problems and, last but not least, their works of a genius. I repeat it again: Heller had exemplary literary taste and his sometimes humorous, sometimes very deep thoughts about treasures of literature are very interesting. Heller shows, for example, deep knowledge of Russian literature: he cites the valedictory poem by the great russian poet Vladimir Mayakovsky written before the last one's suicide, he talks about Pushkin's death on duel and about Tolstoy's panic flight from Yasnaya Polyana. When lecturing in University Of South Carolina he appropriately to his own current stance chooses a theme - "Literature of Desperation", so the lecture focuses on existential crises and life misfortunes of great writers, which form something of "great writer's damnation"-kind. I shall not go for details but the fact that this book is deeply intertwined into genesis of modern literature is obvious only from direct allusions (some books and authours are only mentioned, but more often there are profound and unusual reflections on them) which come to mind right now: Mark Twain's "Adventures of Tom Sawyer..", Joyce's "A Portrait of the Artist, as a Young Man" (and "Ulysses" as well), Samuel Beckett's "The Unnamable" (the famous quote from which becomes a Pota's credo - of course, I mean "I must go on. I can't go on. I'll go on"), Franz Kafka, Fedor Dostoevsky, Jorge Luis Borges, William Faulkner, Herman Melville, Charles Dickens, John Updike, Marcel Proust, Robert Musil (both referred to as "not-easy-for-reading"), Albert Camus, John Barth, Henrik Ibsen, Kurt Vonnegut, Maxim Gorky, the whole pantheon of late XIX century North American greats in his effort about short career of Tom Sawyer as a novelist (including Mark Twain, Jack London, Francis Bret Harte, Herman Melville, Ambrose Bierce, Frank Norris, Henry James, Stephen Crane, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow), Francis Scott Fitzgerald, Thomas Stearns Eliot, Joseph Conrad, John Cheever, Edgar Allan Poe, Malcolme Lowry, Eugene O'Neill, Sinclair Lewis, Theodore Dreiser, Dylan Thomas, Evelyn Waugh, Graham Greene, Truman Capote, Tennessee Williams, Ernest Hemingway, John Steinbeck, J.D. Sallinger, Thomas Pynchon, William Styron and many others. Impressive list, isn't it?
All in all, it is very meaningful, clever written book by brilliant stylist and very talented authour. I know that there are no rumours in Hollywood about the ecranisation of this one but at the end of his life great american writer Joseph Heller gave us an unquestionable masterpiece named "Portrait of an Artist, as an Old Man".