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An introduction to Chomskyan linguistics through a single feature of English: regular and irregular verbs and nouns (all other languages are covered in a single chapter). To Pinker, they are a window on the language and mind in general, of healthy children (who regularize irregular verbs but then stop) and adults as well as of sufferers from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea (each of these diseases affects the usage of regular and irregular English verbs in its own way). Pinker delves into the history of several irregular verbs (there were three verbs in Old English meaning to be: beon was similar to the Spanish ser, and eson and weson were similar to the Spanish estar; be, been and being are derived from beon, am, is and are from eson, and was and were from weson). Over the centuries, English speakers forgot rarely-used irregular past tenses of verbs and replaced them with regular ones (wrought became worked); they also constructed irregular past tenses of new verbs by analogy (snuck like stuck). Apparently, reasoning by analogy and reasoning by the rules are done by two different parts of the brain, and you need both for language and thought.