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At one point during the 1980s, Pablo Escobar was the seventh richest person on the planet, according to Fortune magazine. He owned fleets of ships, planes, mansions, cars, and property around the world. If he had been content to run a drug smuggling operation, he might still be alive. What sealed his fate was his need for renown. He wanted legitimate political power in Colombia. He gave interviews to newspapers, cultivated an image, and was elected to the Colombian senate. That set him on a collision course with the government. He had to be taken down.
As you might surmise from the title, this book is more about the manhunt for Pablo Escobar than the man himself. I enjoyed the first 80 pages or so that chronicle the rise of Escobar. The rest of the book is about the government efforts to track him down and kill him, and it gets into bogged down in minutia.
Pablo Escobar started out as a petty car theif and then muscled his way into the burgeoning cocaine trade during the '70s. As the book notes, there wasn’t a single aspect of the cocaine business that Escobar innovated, pioneered, or improved. He simply muscled his way in because it was profitable. Escobar was a gangster, not a business man.
During the ‘70s, when cocaine was at the height of fashion in America and Europe, Pablo Escobar made billions. The Colombian government at the time was willing to look the other way. Cocaine was bringing prosperity and status to an impoverished nation, and the government even passed laws allowing for the creation of new bank accounts that allowed for unlimited donations of foreign cash, no questions asked.
In addition to ruthlessly murdering his rivals, Escobar curried favor with the people of Colombia by building soccer fields and housing for the poor. His popularity peaked in the early ‘80s when he was elected to the Columbian senate, but he caused a minor riot when he tried to take his seat. At that point, some journalists and politicians began to push back against Escobar’s growing power. The result was a series of kidnappings, bombings, assassinations, and low level war. The US got involved at this point, sending military and intelligence personnel to Colombia to the assist the Colombian government in bringing Pablo down.
Pablo Escobar struck a deal with the government in the late ‘80s and for a brief period was incarcerated in a private “prison” that Escobar constructed himself, complete with hot tubs, large screen TVs, a soccer field, a movie theater, a bar, a disco, and an in-house gourmet chef. Guests came and went freely, and Pablo had young prostitutes brought in to entertain himself and his bodyguards.
When the government tried to move Escobar to a real prison, he escaped, and what followed was a 16 month manhunt that ended with him shot down, possibly by a US sniper, but probably by Colombian government forces.
The bulk of the book dealing with manhunt was a little hard for me to follow. Part of the problem is the number of US agencies involved—Centra Spike, Delta Force, the CIA, the DEA, the State Department, as well as several Colombian military and justice agencies—and keeping all the different groups and names straight in my mind was challenging. The various US agencies had ambivalent feelings towards one another. They were all eager to prove their usefulness in a post-cold war era and thus retain funding. And thus they were keen to achieve success on their own, with as little cooperation as possible.
There was also a vigilante group of Escobar’s enemies called Los Pepes that got involved, tracking down Pablo’s relatives and business associates and killing them in cold blood. These extra-judicial murders were almost certainly aided and abetted by American and Colombian intelligence, and thus raise thorny ethical questions about US involvement in the manhunt.
The series of failed raids, reprisal murders, and dead ends all blurs together after a while. It was a lot of unpleasantness. Kudos to Mark Bowden for his thorough research. I just got a bit bored with the detail.
As you might surmise from the title, this book is more about the manhunt for Pablo Escobar than the man himself. I enjoyed the first 80 pages or so that chronicle the rise of Escobar. The rest of the book is about the government efforts to track him down and kill him, and it gets into bogged down in minutia.
Pablo Escobar started out as a petty car theif and then muscled his way into the burgeoning cocaine trade during the '70s. As the book notes, there wasn’t a single aspect of the cocaine business that Escobar innovated, pioneered, or improved. He simply muscled his way in because it was profitable. Escobar was a gangster, not a business man.
During the ‘70s, when cocaine was at the height of fashion in America and Europe, Pablo Escobar made billions. The Colombian government at the time was willing to look the other way. Cocaine was bringing prosperity and status to an impoverished nation, and the government even passed laws allowing for the creation of new bank accounts that allowed for unlimited donations of foreign cash, no questions asked.
In addition to ruthlessly murdering his rivals, Escobar curried favor with the people of Colombia by building soccer fields and housing for the poor. His popularity peaked in the early ‘80s when he was elected to the Columbian senate, but he caused a minor riot when he tried to take his seat. At that point, some journalists and politicians began to push back against Escobar’s growing power. The result was a series of kidnappings, bombings, assassinations, and low level war. The US got involved at this point, sending military and intelligence personnel to Colombia to the assist the Colombian government in bringing Pablo down.
Pablo Escobar struck a deal with the government in the late ‘80s and for a brief period was incarcerated in a private “prison” that Escobar constructed himself, complete with hot tubs, large screen TVs, a soccer field, a movie theater, a bar, a disco, and an in-house gourmet chef. Guests came and went freely, and Pablo had young prostitutes brought in to entertain himself and his bodyguards.
When the government tried to move Escobar to a real prison, he escaped, and what followed was a 16 month manhunt that ended with him shot down, possibly by a US sniper, but probably by Colombian government forces.
The bulk of the book dealing with manhunt was a little hard for me to follow. Part of the problem is the number of US agencies involved—Centra Spike, Delta Force, the CIA, the DEA, the State Department, as well as several Colombian military and justice agencies—and keeping all the different groups and names straight in my mind was challenging. The various US agencies had ambivalent feelings towards one another. They were all eager to prove their usefulness in a post-cold war era and thus retain funding. And thus they were keen to achieve success on their own, with as little cooperation as possible.
There was also a vigilante group of Escobar’s enemies called Los Pepes that got involved, tracking down Pablo’s relatives and business associates and killing them in cold blood. These extra-judicial murders were almost certainly aided and abetted by American and Colombian intelligence, and thus raise thorny ethical questions about US involvement in the manhunt.
The series of failed raids, reprisal murders, and dead ends all blurs together after a while. It was a lot of unpleasantness. Kudos to Mark Bowden for his thorough research. I just got a bit bored with the detail.