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This was an interesting read and I read it in an interesting time. Right after a controversy breaks-out over a novel that is written sensationalizing the lives of real people, I read this book which was written in answer to an author who got rich writing a sensationalized (i. e. false) version of the experiences of Mineko Iwasaki. I'd owned this book for over a year, but did not know when I was going to be able to read it. I thought now was as good a time as any. Since I got some other ground to cover I'll deal with this here: Geisha are not prostitutes. Period. They go about sex just like the rest of us: messily. In Japan they had courtesans called oiran who learned traditional dance and song, but who's main goal was 'hoing. Geisha are at best hostess, but sex ain't part of the regular job, it's the woman's own choice who she sleeps with. This book was written to be a refutation of the white fetishization of a certain novel, but I think it has a lot more going for it and I wish to talk more about it in this review.
Mineko Iwasaki was born Masaka Tanaka to Japanese nobles down on their luck after prettey much everything that had occurred in Japan between the Meji Restoration and the end of WWII. Her family's choice to stay in Kyoto after the imperial family decided to move their court from Kyoto to Tokyo saw their Noble rank be downgraded. During The Great Depression more hard times hit the family and young Mineko's father decides to sell some of his daughters to an equally struggling okiya (geisha house) called Iwasaki, which was a satellite house of a larger okiya. After WWII, Masako/Mineko is born and her family eventually recovers--unfortunately the Iwasaki okiya does not. Her father is determined that his last daughter not become a geisha, and the woman running the okiya is equally determine that Masako become the heir to okiya. By this time, the post-war Japanese government has introduced legislation banning prostitution (formally ending the oiran trade) and also debt bondage which ends the practice of indentured geisha. Unfortunately for Masako's father, one can still be a geisha by choice and our protagonist is artistically inclined and a natural prodigy of dance. Masako ends up choosing to join of her own free will despite being an introvert and independent-minded (two things that are the complete opposite of what a geisha is suppose to be). She joins at the age of 5, and of the last generation of girls who can become geisha before reform laws make junior high/middle school graduation compulsory before joining the "flower and willow world." She eventually is formally adopted by the okiya and her name is changed to Mineko Iwasaki (I will be referring to her as Mineko since one of the women who adopted her is also called Masako), and she goes on to become the most iconic maiko (junior geisha) and geiko (senior geisha) of the post-war era.
The distinction of a junior geisha as a maiko is only in Kyoto, geisha in other parts of Japan are simply called geiko (woman of art) or geisha (person of art--the term originally applied to itinerant male musicians around Japan). In Kyoto their is a whole infrastructure that is devoted to this industry. Part of the conflict that this book is really about is about how the division of labor is practiced in this industry. If I tried to explain how this whole thing worked it would be too long, but that's why you read the book for because Mineko and Rande Brown do a good job. But I will come back to why Mineko quit the job at the height of her popularity.
Talking specifically about the book, the format and actual story called back two books for me: David Copperfield & Twelve Years a Slave. The book has a very 19th century memoir feel to it and I don't know if that is Brown's academic rendering or Minkeo's traditionalist education. For me, it gave the book an interesting feel as the tone and setting felt a century apart—I was intrigued by it. The way the people and atmosphere of this book is presented does feel very Dickensian so if you like Charles Dickens, you should like this book. You fall in love with the good characters, and you despise the bad ones. Now, given the initial mission statement of this book, it assumes you know nothing about geisha, Japanese history, or have been misinformed about both, so the book teaches you in-depth on everything you need to know about this world. This is exactly what Solomon Northup did regarding his intended audiences knowledge of American Slavery. This a great beginners guide to this subject and it makes the title of the book fit perfectly.
When I think of how Mineko Iwasaki became the geisha of her generation, it seems that despite her being very much of the post-way Showa generation, she was raised and instilled with the sensibilities and work ethic of people born in the earlier generations (i. e. Meji and Taisho), so it was natural for her to be such a hard and grueling worker. Combine that with her 1st love of dance and it made her a natural fit for success despite her equally natural disdain for partying and people. I mean, she took no days off for 5 years. There is no secret to how she became number one. Mineko benefits from having some powerful people in her corner at all times (it really is who you know...) and from operating in the top Geisha district in Japan: Gion Kobu. She ends up entertaining and knowing numerous heads of state, politicians, artists, and business folks from Japan and around the world. She relates some very wild stories about that other imperial family the Windsors (let's just say she could've warned Megan Markle) and she seemed to prefer artists and academics to all other clients--the father of Shuntarō Tanikawa became a surrogate father to her and she struck-up a love affair with the actor Shintaro Katsu.
But of course there were cons. The two crazy things I learned was the intense amount of jealousy and hazing in this industry. All but the most senior geiko were vicious to her on her way to the top. The worst offender was her pure evil oldest sister who was also a geisha. Yaeko ranks among the top of most villainous women in world literature (to say nothing of her son...). When it was not hazing by others, it was the crazy harassment from men in general that she had to endure. Mostly on the street, but also some of her clients would make sure to make the case for a #MeToo movement being necessary. Thank god for taxis.
"So we support the dance but it does not support us."
The thing that ultimately causes her to quit and close the Iwasaki okiya was not any sexual exploitation, but economic exploitation. Though the geisha go out and bring in the clientele and do the hard work, they get the least amount of money in their industry. The schools and businesses around them profit the most and Mineko at the height of her success was not allowed to make any money using her artistic skills for her own profit. She wasn't even allowed to teach in the dance school that she learned her dances in despite being the best dancer there. She realized that a very small group of people were getting a large amount of the millions of dollars being made in Gion Kobu and her and most of her peers were not even being compensated with proper worker's compensation, post-junior high school education, or a pension system for older geisha. She spent a decade complaining to the authorities responsible, but they dismissed her concerns. She thought if she quit and got other geisha to defect with her it would cause a crisis that would force reform, but she underestimated the inherent inability that Japanese society had to adapting to the changing times and nothing has really changed in the Gion since she left other than the decrease in numbers of people who can teach these arts properly.
She retired in 1980, started a family with a painter, and became a patroness of the arts in Japan. It was not until some random white man wanted to write a paperback romance featuring geisha (and botched it) that she was drawn back to "the site of memory" and eventually wrote this book.
If you want further recommendations on this subject (because I know you GR folks hate to read something and get smart) I got two movies to recommend. A very hard to find tv movie adaptation of this book exist called Flower Battle (or Hanaikusa) which was made in 2007. This movie is almost impossible to watch with subtitles unless you can internet very well. An easier movie to find which I have actually watched is A Geisha (1953) directed by Kenji Mizoguchi which looks at a maiko and geiko in the immediate post-war Japan and was made by someone who has a very complicated pre-war history with the "flower and willow world."
There is also this youtube channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/1113kuni... which seems to be from somebody who works in the geisha industry. I was able to corroborate many of Mineko Iwasaki's descriptions of the different dances and even the details of how maiko and geiko dress from just browsing through these videos.
Mineko Iwasaki was born Masaka Tanaka to Japanese nobles down on their luck after prettey much everything that had occurred in Japan between the Meji Restoration and the end of WWII. Her family's choice to stay in Kyoto after the imperial family decided to move their court from Kyoto to Tokyo saw their Noble rank be downgraded. During The Great Depression more hard times hit the family and young Mineko's father decides to sell some of his daughters to an equally struggling okiya (geisha house) called Iwasaki, which was a satellite house of a larger okiya. After WWII, Masako/Mineko is born and her family eventually recovers--unfortunately the Iwasaki okiya does not. Her father is determined that his last daughter not become a geisha, and the woman running the okiya is equally determine that Masako become the heir to okiya. By this time, the post-war Japanese government has introduced legislation banning prostitution (formally ending the oiran trade) and also debt bondage which ends the practice of indentured geisha. Unfortunately for Masako's father, one can still be a geisha by choice and our protagonist is artistically inclined and a natural prodigy of dance. Masako ends up choosing to join of her own free will despite being an introvert and independent-minded (two things that are the complete opposite of what a geisha is suppose to be). She joins at the age of 5, and of the last generation of girls who can become geisha before reform laws make junior high/middle school graduation compulsory before joining the "flower and willow world." She eventually is formally adopted by the okiya and her name is changed to Mineko Iwasaki (I will be referring to her as Mineko since one of the women who adopted her is also called Masako), and she goes on to become the most iconic maiko (junior geisha) and geiko (senior geisha) of the post-war era.
The distinction of a junior geisha as a maiko is only in Kyoto, geisha in other parts of Japan are simply called geiko (woman of art) or geisha (person of art--the term originally applied to itinerant male musicians around Japan). In Kyoto their is a whole infrastructure that is devoted to this industry. Part of the conflict that this book is really about is about how the division of labor is practiced in this industry. If I tried to explain how this whole thing worked it would be too long, but that's why you read the book for because Mineko and Rande Brown do a good job. But I will come back to why Mineko quit the job at the height of her popularity.
Talking specifically about the book, the format and actual story called back two books for me: David Copperfield & Twelve Years a Slave. The book has a very 19th century memoir feel to it and I don't know if that is Brown's academic rendering or Minkeo's traditionalist education. For me, it gave the book an interesting feel as the tone and setting felt a century apart—I was intrigued by it. The way the people and atmosphere of this book is presented does feel very Dickensian so if you like Charles Dickens, you should like this book. You fall in love with the good characters, and you despise the bad ones. Now, given the initial mission statement of this book, it assumes you know nothing about geisha, Japanese history, or have been misinformed about both, so the book teaches you in-depth on everything you need to know about this world. This is exactly what Solomon Northup did regarding his intended audiences knowledge of American Slavery. This a great beginners guide to this subject and it makes the title of the book fit perfectly.
When I think of how Mineko Iwasaki became the geisha of her generation, it seems that despite her being very much of the post-way Showa generation, she was raised and instilled with the sensibilities and work ethic of people born in the earlier generations (i. e. Meji and Taisho), so it was natural for her to be such a hard and grueling worker. Combine that with her 1st love of dance and it made her a natural fit for success despite her equally natural disdain for partying and people. I mean, she took no days off for 5 years. There is no secret to how she became number one. Mineko benefits from having some powerful people in her corner at all times (it really is who you know...) and from operating in the top Geisha district in Japan: Gion Kobu. She ends up entertaining and knowing numerous heads of state, politicians, artists, and business folks from Japan and around the world. She relates some very wild stories about that other imperial family the Windsors (let's just say she could've warned Megan Markle) and she seemed to prefer artists and academics to all other clients--the father of Shuntarō Tanikawa became a surrogate father to her and she struck-up a love affair with the actor Shintaro Katsu.
But of course there were cons. The two crazy things I learned was the intense amount of jealousy and hazing in this industry. All but the most senior geiko were vicious to her on her way to the top. The worst offender was her pure evil oldest sister who was also a geisha. Yaeko ranks among the top of most villainous women in world literature (to say nothing of her son...). When it was not hazing by others, it was the crazy harassment from men in general that she had to endure. Mostly on the street, but also some of her clients would make sure to make the case for a #MeToo movement being necessary. Thank god for taxis.
"So we support the dance but it does not support us."
The thing that ultimately causes her to quit and close the Iwasaki okiya was not any sexual exploitation, but economic exploitation. Though the geisha go out and bring in the clientele and do the hard work, they get the least amount of money in their industry. The schools and businesses around them profit the most and Mineko at the height of her success was not allowed to make any money using her artistic skills for her own profit. She wasn't even allowed to teach in the dance school that she learned her dances in despite being the best dancer there. She realized that a very small group of people were getting a large amount of the millions of dollars being made in Gion Kobu and her and most of her peers were not even being compensated with proper worker's compensation, post-junior high school education, or a pension system for older geisha. She spent a decade complaining to the authorities responsible, but they dismissed her concerns. She thought if she quit and got other geisha to defect with her it would cause a crisis that would force reform, but she underestimated the inherent inability that Japanese society had to adapting to the changing times and nothing has really changed in the Gion since she left other than the decrease in numbers of people who can teach these arts properly.
She retired in 1980, started a family with a painter, and became a patroness of the arts in Japan. It was not until some random white man wanted to write a paperback romance featuring geisha (and botched it) that she was drawn back to "the site of memory" and eventually wrote this book.
If you want further recommendations on this subject (because I know you GR folks hate to read something and get smart) I got two movies to recommend. A very hard to find tv movie adaptation of this book exist called Flower Battle (or Hanaikusa) which was made in 2007. This movie is almost impossible to watch with subtitles unless you can internet very well. An easier movie to find which I have actually watched is A Geisha (1953) directed by Kenji Mizoguchi which looks at a maiko and geiko in the immediate post-war Japan and was made by someone who has a very complicated pre-war history with the "flower and willow world."
There is also this youtube channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/1113kuni... which seems to be from somebody who works in the geisha industry. I was able to corroborate many of Mineko Iwasaki's descriptions of the different dances and even the details of how maiko and geiko dress from just browsing through these videos.